王鹤 李海胜 安婷婷



摘要 [目的]制定黄樟叶质量标准中的显微鉴别和薄层鉴别。[方法]通过显微鉴别,对黄樟叶横切面及其粉末进行观察,鉴别其组织或结构特征等。对照药材法进行薄层鉴别,并进行方法验证。[结果]显微镜所见细胞壁、叶肉栅栏组织、主脉维管束、薄壁细胞和油细胞。薄层色谱的展开条件为乙酸乙酯-三氯甲烷-甲酸(5∶2∶0.5),点样量为5 μL,置于365 nm处检视。此薄层条件各斑点清晰,分离效果理想,重复性和稳定性良好。[结论]显微鉴别和薄层色谱鉴别均可列入黄樟叶的质量标准。
关键词 黄樟叶;显微鉴别;薄层色谱鉴别
中图分类号 R282.5文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611(2020)11-0182-04
Abstract [Objective] The research aimed to identify the microscopic identification and TLC of Cinnamomum porrectum leaves.[Method] Through microscopic identification, observed the cross section of Cinnamomum porrectum leaves and its powder to identify its tissue or structural characteristics.The thin layer identification was conducted against the medicinal material method, and the method was verified.[Result]Microscopic observed cell wall, mesophyll palisade tissue, main vein, vascular bundle, parenchyma cell and oil cell.The conditions for the development of TLC were ethyl acetatechloroformformic acid(5∶2∶0.5), and the sample size was 5 μL, which was examined at 365 nm.This conditions had the advantages of clear spots, ideal separation effect, good repeatability and stability.[Conclusion]Microscopic identification and TLC can be used for the quality standard of Cinnamomum porrectum leaves.
Key words Cinnamomum porrectum leaves;Microscopic identification;TLC
黄樟Cinnamomum porrectum (Roxb.)Kosterm,又名南安、香喉、山椒等,分布于我国海南、广东、广西、福建、江西、湖南、贵州、四川、云南等地,以及巴基斯坦、印度经马来西亚至印度尼西亚等国家。黄樟性温,味辛、微苦,归肺、脾、肝经;具祛风散寒、温中止痛、行气活血的功效,民間用于治疗风寒感冒、风湿痹痛、胃寒腹泻、泄泻、痢疾、跌打损伤、月经不调等症[1]。黄樟叶为黄樟干燥叶,精油率比较高,一般为2%~5%[2-3]。目前《中国药典》2015年版一部尚无黄樟叶质量标准,因此制定黄樟叶质量标准,有利于医药部门对其质量的监控,确保用药安全。笔者从黄樟叶的显微鉴别、薄层色谱鉴别方面进行研究,制定药材的质量标准,保证药材的质量,保证其应用安全有效。
1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
1.1.1 仪器。
中草药粉碎机(FW100);二号药典筛(浙江上虞市英超仪器经营部);四号药典筛(浙江上虞市英……