周茜 刘晓艺 安雪 张美 刘兵 赵文 饶伟丽



摘要 针对香肠中亚硝酸盐带来的食品安全问题,拟在香肠加工工艺中添加山楂和玫瑰进行部分替代,制备山楂玫瑰低硝香肠。通过单因素试验确定出影响香肠产品品质的主要因素及最佳水平范围,进一步通过正交试验确定主要因素的最佳配比。结果表明,在山楂果酱添加量6%、玫瑰花酱添加量6.5%、奶粉添加量5%和亚硝酸钠添加量为0.004%的工艺条件下,香肠产品的口感和风味最佳。对1、4、7、10、14 d香肠的水分、pH、酸价、过氧化值和硫代巴比妥值进行测定并进行感官评定。结果表明,山楂玫瑰低硝香肠的最佳保藏期为7 d。
关键词 香肠;山楂;玫瑰;低硝;加工工艺
中图分类号 TS251文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611(2020)11-0194-04
Abstract In order to solve the food safety problem caused by nitrite in sausage, hawthorn and rose flower were added in the processing technology as partial substitution to prepare the sausage with low nitrate, hawthorn and rose flower. The main factors affecting quality of sausage product and the optimum level range were determined through single factor experiment, and then the best matching results of each level were determined by orthogonal experiment. The results suggested that the sausage product have the best taste and flavor under conditions of 6% hawthorn paste, 6.5% rose flower paste, 5% milk powder and 0.004% nitrate. The moisture, pH value, acid value, peroxide value and thiobarbituril (TBA) value of sausage at 1, 4, 7, 10 and 14 days were measured and sensory evaluation was carried out. The results showed that the best preservation period of low nitrate hawthorn rose sausage is 7 days.
Key words Sausage;Hawthorn;Rose flower;Low nitrate;Processing technology
香肠是一种传统食品,具有上千年的悠久历史,早在南北朝时期就有香肠配方的记载。传统香肠在制作过程中,通常加入亚硝酸盐进行腌制来达到呈色、防腐、抗氧化和产生独特风味的目的。虽然亚硝酸盐作为一种传统的腌制剂已使用多年,但其能与多种氨基化合物反应,产生致癌的N-亚硝基化合物(如亚硝胺等)。针对香肠的食用安全问题,科学家一直在研究亚硝酸盐的有效替代品,但仍未找到任何一种食品添加剂能够完全替代它。因此,减少亚硝酸盐的使用量对于香肠产品的食品安全具有重大意义。
山楂又称山里果,可生吃或作果脯果糕,干制后可入药,是我国特有的药果兼用树种,含有丰富的生物活性物质和营养成分[1],富含脂肪酸、维生素C、胡萝卜素、三萜类烯酸、黄酮类多种营养成分。……