新疆农业产业化联合体发展模式研究

杨海滨　邵战林　高雅　杨焕焕

摘要 在综合借鉴国内外对农业产业化发展历程、经营主体以及发展模式研究的基础上，指出现代农业产业化联合体是以龙头企业为核心，实现区域化布局、专业化生产、企业化管理，将产加销有机的结合起来，形成规模化、一体化经营的形式，以此来促进农业供给侧结构性改革。通过对新疆巴州焉耆县的农业产业化的深入实地调查研究，以焉耆县嘉盛农拓者公司为例，通过“龙头企业+农民专业合作社+家庭农场”的发展模式，分析了当前新疆辣椒产业化联合体的发展现状，并以此与国外农业产业化比较分析，得出当前新疆农业产业化联合体的发展不平衡、体制与机制不完善、龙头企业带动力不强及农产品加工缺乏竞争力等问题。

关键词 农业产业化联合体;龙头企业;家庭农场;农民专业合作社;焉耆县

中图分类号 S-9文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611（2020）11-0225-05

Abstract Based on the study of the development process， management subject and development model of agricultural industrialization at home and abroad， this paper expounds that modern agricultural industrialization complex is based on leading enterprises， achieving regionalized layout， specialized production and enterprise management. The combination of production， sales and marketing is organically combined to form a form of largescale and integrated management， thereby promoting structural reform of the supply side of agriculture. Through the indepth field investigation and research on agricultural industrialization in Yanqi County， Xinjiang， taking Jiasheng Agricultural Extension Company as an example， through the development model of “leading enterprise + farmer professional cooperative + family farm”， the current Xinjiang pepper was analyzed. The development status of industrialized complexes， and comparative analysis with foreign agricultural industrialization， it is concluded that the current development of agricultural industrialization complex in Xinjiang is not balanced， the system and mechanism are imperfect， the leading enterprises are not strong， and the agricultural products processing lacks competition， force and other issues.

Key words Agricultural industrialization complex;Leading enterprise;Family farm;Farmer professional cooperative;Yanqi County

黨的十九大以来，中央对“三农”改革发展作了一系列决策部署。十九大提出，城乡发展一体化是解决“三农”问题的根本途径，要培育新型经营主体，发展多种形式规模经营。2019年新疆在贯彻中央一号文件的区委一号文件中提出，要加快培育现代农业产业化联合体，出台扶持产业化联合体办法，择优扶持一批示范联合体。农业产业化联合体是适应我国农业发展新需求的产物，是由龙头企业、农民合作社、家庭农场等新型农业经营主体发挥各自优势、分工合作而形成的利益共同体，在推进乡村振兴战略、农村三产融合、农业供给侧结构性改革等方面作用明显，成为推进乡村振兴的新生力量、引领社会发展的新作用，并为打赢脱贫攻坚战注入了一股新的力量。……