王小平 陈远良 何梅 江铮


摘 要: ‘农甜10号是以‘2012QT-3为母本、‘2012QT-10为父本选育而成的中早熟厚皮甜瓜杂交1代新品种。该品种植株长势中等、易坐果。春季露地直播栽培条件下,全生育期90 d左右,果实发育期45 d,平均单果质量3.0~3.5 kg,667 m2产量3 000 kg左右;果实长椭圆形,果皮金黄色,覆全网纹,果肉橙红色,肉厚4.2 cm,种腔小,肉质松脆、香甜,风味佳;中心可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)15.5%~16.5%,耐贮运性好,适宜我国新疆露地和保护地种植。2019年通过中华人民共和国农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记。
关键词: 厚皮甜瓜; 新品种; ‘农甜10号; 杂交1代
中图分类号: S652.4 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1673-2871(2020)06-050-03
Abstract: ‘Nongtian No. 10 is a new mid-early maturity muskmelon F1 hybrid, which is bred by crossing ‘2012QT-3as female parent and ‘2012QT-10as male parent. The whole growth period is about 90 days and the fruit development period is 45 days when cultivated in field seeding conditions in spring. The average single fruit weight is about 3.0-3.5 kg and yield on 667 m2 is about 3 000 kg. The fruit is long oval shaped with yellow skin and fine nets, orange flesh and pleasant taste, the flesh is 4.2 cm in thickness. The center soluble solids content is about 15.5%-16.5%. It performs well in storage and transportation. It is resistant to powdery mildew and downy mildew. ‘Nongtian 10 is suitable for cultivation under field and protected production in Xinjiang.
Key words: Melon; New cultivar; ‘Nongtian No. 10; F1 hybrid
1 育種目标
甜瓜是带动农业增效、促进农民增收、推动农村发展的高效园艺作物。甜瓜巳成为国内外市场的高档果品,在我国水果市场上,甜瓜面积和产量稳定增加[1]。新疆甜瓜栽培历史悠久,甜瓜作为重要的经济作物,在帮助南疆贫困群众脱贫致富上发挥着重要作用。新疆的厚皮网纹甜瓜久负盛名,以果肉脆甜、果味清香、回味悠长而深受消费者的喜爱[2]。甜瓜专用品种需求旺盛,市场广阔[3],人民对甜瓜的品质要求,尤其是外观商品性和内在品质日益提升[4],但目前生产上此类型甜瓜品种存在品质欠佳、产量不稳定、皮色浅、网纹稀、抗病差等缺点[5]。因此,选育出适合新疆露地和保护地栽培的专用优质金黄皮网纹厚皮甜瓜新品种具有重要的现实意义。笔者组合了一系列优良种质材料,将选育目标确定为:培育金黄皮、中果型、密网纹、肉质松脆、具备一定的抗病性、耐贮运性好的厚皮甜瓜新品种。……