


摘 要:公司ATP列控车载机柜接地螺钉为保证接地性,在螺钉周围一定面积未做表面粉喷处理。在长期处于暴露及振动环境下, 接地螺钉连接处锈蚀严重、容易脱落,影响设备接地性能。为解决接地螺钉周围粉喷层去除后的生锈问题,提出了直接使用镀锌板制作柜体的方案。本文通过对镀锌板焊接特点的分析,选择合适的焊接方法,从焊接设备的升级选型、焊接材料选择、焊接工艺参数优化等方面进行论述,以减少焊接过程中出现的焊接裂纹、气孔、氧化物夹渣及镀锌层熔化等缺陷,提高焊接质量,并避免锌蒸气及烟尘对人体带来的危害。
关键词:镀锌板;焊接;缺陷;优化
Abstract: Company train control on-board ATP cabinet earthing screws in order to ensure the grounding resistance, a certain area around the screw do not make table flour processing. In chronically exposed and vibration environment, grounding screw joint corroded seriously, easy to fall off, influence equipment grounding performance. To solve the problem around the grounding screw powder spray layer after removing rust problem, put forward the project of the direct use galvanized sheet to make cabinet put oneself in anothers position. In this article, through the analysis of the characteristics of the galvanized sheet welding, choosing the appropriate welding method, welding equipment from the upgrade of type selection, choice of welding material and welding technology parameters optimization, etc, in order to reduce the welding process of welding cracks, porosity, oxide slag and melting defects such as galvanized layer, improve the welding quality, and to avoid zinc steam and smoke harm to human body.
Key Words: galvanized steel shee;welding;defect;optimization
在對ATP列控车载机柜选用的镀锌钢板进行焊接的过程中,锌的熔点远远低于铁,熔池中的铁首先结晶,液态锌会沿着钢的晶界渗入其中,导致晶间结合变弱。在焊接残余应力的作用下,焊缝易沿晶界裂开,同时会伴生氧化物夹渣及镀锌层熔化破坏等缺陷。焊缝附近的锌层在电弧热的作用下产生氧化(形成ZnO)及蒸发,并挥发出白色烟尘和蒸气,易在焊缝中产生气孔,对产品质量造成影响且对操作人员造成健康危害。
1 焊接机器人焊接工艺特性
为确保焊接质量的稳定可靠,焊接加工一方面要求操作人员要有熟练的操作技能、丰富的实践经验、稳定的焊接水平;另一方面,焊接又是一种劳动条件差、烟尘多、热辐射大、危险性高的工作。工业机器人的出现代替了手工焊接,减轻了操作人员的劳动强度,同时更好的保证了焊接质量,并提高了焊接效率。……