丁洁莹


摘要 乡村旅游以其独特的地方文化、淳朴的民风民情以及优美的自然环境吸引游客,现今发展乡村旅游具有广阔的前景。民族地区乡村虽然具备发展旅游的自然资源优势和文化资源优势,但是民族地区乡村在发展旅游的过程中也遇到了诸多困境。通过对鹤峰县燕子镇石龙洞村发展乡村旅游的典型个案研究,总结出民族地区乡村发展旅游面临着乡村精英缺失、乡风乡情淡薄、民族文化消逝等现实困境,可通过培养和留住乡村人才,推动乡村旅游发展;培育乡风文明,营造和谐的乡村氛围;挖掘民族文化内涵,打造特色文化旅游村这3项重要举措推动民族地区乡村旅游的可持续发展。
关键词 乡村旅游;现实困境;路径选择;个案研究
Abstract Rural tourism attracts tourists with its unique local culture, simple folk customs and beautiful natural environment. Nowadays, the development of rural tourism has broad prospects.Although villages in ethnic areas have the advantages of natural resources and cultural resources for tourism development, they also encounter many difficulties in the process of tourism development.Through a typical case study on the development of rural tourism in Shilongdong Village, Yanzi Town, Hefeng County,it is concluded that rural development tourism in ethnic areas is faced with such practical difficulties as the lack of rural elites, the lack of rural customs, the disappearance of national culture and so on,we can promote the sustainable development of rural tourism in ethnic areas by cultivating and retaining rural talents, promoting the development of rural tourism, cultivating rural civilization, creating a harmonious rural atmosphere, excavating the connotation of national culture, and building a characteristic cultural tourism village.
Key words Rural tourism;Realistic dilemma;Path choice;Case study
2015年中央一號文件提出,要积极开发农业的多种功能,挖掘乡村的生态休闲、旅游观光、文化教育价值[1]。2016年中央一号文件再次强调,大力发展休闲农业和乡村旅游。在习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想指导下,在全面建成小康社会的新形势下,乡村旅游不仅成为培育乡村经济主体、参与乡村治理的需要,而且具有了改善乡村环境、丰富乡村经济和修复乡村文化等功能[2]。由此可见,乡村旅游对乡村政治、经济、社会和文化的发展具有一定的推动作用,党和政府高度重视乡村旅游的可持续发展。
乡村旅游是指以乡村空间环境为依托,以乡村独特的生产形态、民俗风情、生活形式、乡村自然风光、乡村民居和乡村文化等为对象,利用城乡差异来规划设计和组合旅游产品,集观光、游览、娱乐、休闲、度假和购物为一体的一种旅游形式。……