基于LoRa的远程低功耗水压采集系统的设计

江莺 俞旭 俞铭津 韦杰

摘  要： 针对基于ZigBee等无线通信技术的水压采集系统存在数据传输距离近、抗干扰能力弱、功耗高、环境适应性较差等缺点，文中设计一种基于LoRa的远程低功耗水压采集系统。通过水压变送器信号放大电路设计、变送器标定与调零确保水压采集的准确性;通过无线水压变送器低功耗设计确保电池供电的持久性;通过基于LoRa的通信电路设计确保远程数据传输的可靠性。测试安放在建筑物6楼的计算机接收无线水压变送器发来的数据，结果表明，无线水压变送器安装在通信环境良好的户外，只有不到1%的丢帧率;即使在通信环境比较恶劣的地下室，其丢帧率也不超过1.5%。

关键词： 水压采集; 低功耗; 远程通信; 系统设计; 变送器设计; 实物测试

中图分类号： TN98?34                              文献标识码： A                      文章编号： 1004?373X（2020）08?0105?04

Design on LoRa?based water pressure acquisition system with remote and

low power consumption

JIANG Ying， YU Xu， YU Mingjin， WEI Jie

（College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering， Nanjing Forestry University， Nanjing 210037， China）

Abstract：As the problem of the water pressure acquisition system based on ZigBee and other wireless communication technologies， such as short data transmission distance， weak anti?interference ability， high power consumption and poor environmental adaptability， a LoRa?based water pressure acquisition system with remote and low power consumption is designed. The accuracy of water pressure acquisition is ensured by the design of signal amplification circuit， calibration and zero adjustment of the water pressure transmitter. The durability of battery power supply is ensured by the low power consumption design of wireless water pressure transmitter. The reliability of remote data transmission is ensured by the communication circuit design based on LoRa. The computer installed on the 6th floor of the building receives the data from the wireless water pressure transmitter， and the results show that the frame loss rate is less than 1% when the wireless water pressure transmitter is installed outdoor in a good communication environment. Even in the basement， where the communication environment is harsh， the frame loss rate is less than 1.5%.

Keywords： water pressure acquisition; low power consumption; remote communications; system design; transmitter design; physical test

0  引  言

隨着城市化发展，消防火灾问题日益突出。很多消防设施老旧，尤其是消防供水系统，常常处于故障状态，一旦发生火灾，将无法及时提供充足的消防用水，必将造成巨大的人员伤亡和财产损失。采用人工抄表来采集管网水压的方式已不能满足当今社会的需求。许多新型电子信息技术已经大量运用到消防等远程抄表领域，推动了许多领域的发展，如ZigBee无线传输技术已经在很多行业广泛应用，但是ZigBee在数据传输过程中容易受到地理环境和建筑物的影响，只适合近距离的数据传输;而且ZigBee本身功耗较大，难以应用于对功耗要求较高的场所[1]。……