潘桦 李红强


摘要:随着供给侧改革的持续推进,影响煤炭企业产出的资本、劳动和技术等传统变量所带来的规模报酬呈现加速递减趋势。同时,煤炭企业受储煤量和开采技术及自然地址条件等限制,产出量呈现明显的生命周期特征。本文以煤炭企业为研究样本,在回顾传统Cobb-Douglas生产函数和我国煤炭企业生产函数研究成果的基础上,指出影响煤炭企业产出的主要因素包括资金(K)、劳动(L)、矿山储量(W)以及技术进步状况(At)和自然地址条件优劣程度(Et),最后分析了上述要素的相关关系并讨论了在煤炭企业生命周期内,各要素对产出的贡献情况。
Abstract: With the continuous advancement of supply-side reforms, the returns to scale brought about by traditional variables such as capital, labor, and technology that affect the output of coal companies are showing a decreasing trend. At the same time, coal enterprises are subject to restrictions such as coal storage, mining technology and natural address conditions, and their output has obvious life cycle characteristics. Based on the review of traditional Cobb-Douglas production function and the research results of China's coal enterprise production function, this paper takes coal enterprises as a research sample, and points out that the main factors affecting the output of coal enterprises include capital (K), labor (L), and mine reserves (W) and the status of technological progress (At) and the degree of advantages and disadvantages of natural address (Et), Finally, it analyzes the correlation among the above elements and discusses the contribution of each element to output during the life cycle of the coal enterprise.
關键词:煤炭企业;Cobb-Douglas;生产函数
Key words: coal enterprise;Cobb-Douglas;production function
中图分类号:F224;F407.21 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-4311(2020)21-0074-03
0 引言
煤炭企业在我国国民经济社会中占有重要地位,随着供给侧改革的持续推进,煤炭企业也面临新的更高要求。传统开采中的“采厚弃薄、采近弃远、采易弃难”等粗放式生产方式已难以为继,资本、劳动和技术等影响煤炭企业产出的传统变量所带来的的规模报酬呈现加速递减趋势。煤炭企业受煤层储煤量、自然地质条件等影响,具有鲜明的行业生态周期,可开采总量逐年递减,自然地质条件逐年恶化,发生塌陷的可能性逐年增加,从而加速产出的递减。
供给侧改革,为煤炭企业摒弃粗放生产作业方式,提供了新的思路和更高要求。从计量经济学的角度,研究适应煤炭企业的生产函数,探讨在煤炭企业投产期、达产期前、达产后及减产期等生命周期不同阶段煤炭产出的主要影响因素,进而指导和帮助煤炭企业有效提升煤炭产量,实现可持续发展,具有重要意义。……