城市园林景观空间格局三维数字化重建系统设计

刘婷婷

摘  要： 以往三维数字化重建系统因未采取特征匹配算法提取城市园林景观图像中空间格局特征，导致重建精度较低。为此，设计城市园林景观空间格局三维数字化重建系统，通过ZED双目立体相机采集城市园林景观的二维图像，所采集二维图像通过视差图修复和细化环节等预处理后，利用SIFT相关特征匹配算法提取预处理后图像的空间格局特征，通过三维点云的纹理映射功能将图像的空间格局特征映射至三维点云模型中，并将数字影像色彩属性信息通过OpenGL图像库添加至三维点云模型中，实现城市园林景观空间格局三维数字化重建。实验结果表明，该系统可有效重建逼真、色彩鲜明的三维数字化城市园林景观空间格局，建模误差均在1%以内，建模精度较高，满足三维数字化重建要求。

关键词： 三维数字化重建; 空间格局; 城市园林景观; 系统设计; 特征提取; 三维点云模型

中图分类号： TN911?34                            文献标识码： A                       文章编号： 1004?373X（2020）08?0151?03

Design of 3D digital reconstruction system for spatial pattern of urban

landscape architecture

LIU Tingting

（Guangdong University of Technology， Guangdong 510090， China）

Abstract： The previous 3D digital reconstruction system does not adopt feature matching algorithm to extract the spatial pattern features in the images of urban landscape architecture， resulting in the low reconstruction accuracy. The 3D digital reconstruction system for spatial pattern of urban landscape architecture is designed， from which the two?dimensional images of urban landscape architecture are collected by the ZED binocular stereo camera. After the collected two?dimensional images are parallax map repaired， refined line and other preprocessed， the spatial pattern features of the preprocessed images are extracted by means of the SIFT relevant feature matching algorithm， which are mapped to the 3D point cloud model through the texture mapping function of the 3D point cloud， and the color attribute information of digital images are added to the 3D point cloud model through OpenGL image library， so as to realize the 3D digital reconstruction for spatial pattern of urban landscape architecture. The experimental results show that the system can effectively reconstruct the with realistic and vivid color spatial pattern of 3D digital urban landscape architecture， the modeling errors are all within 1%， and the modeling accuracy is high to meet the requirements of 3D digital reconstruction.

Keywords： 3D digital reconstruction; spatial pattern; urban landscape architecture; system design; feature extraction; 3D point cloud model

0  引  言

隨着科技不断发展，人们已不满足于城市园林景观空间格局设计与建设的二维化，数字化已走入城市园林景观空间格局建设中[1]。三维数字化重建技术可以获取城市园林景观空间格局的三维立体效果图，增加园林设计科学性以及时效性。

三维数字化重建是计算机视觉领域中重要的研究课题，指将两幅或多幅二维图像转换成三维可见立体几何形状[2]，恢复物体的空间坐标及色彩信息。

通过图2三维数字化重建结果可以看出，采用本文系统可有效重建城市园林景观空间格局，且重建后的三维数字化图像外观逼真，能有效呈现该区域城市园林景观空间格局。……