张博宇
摘 要:马尾松人工林的栽培及地力维护,涉及林木生产力与土壤生态之间的平衡。人为的营林措施和管理手段,不可避免地会对生态环境、马尾松人工林养分循环产生影响。只有从维持生态平衡与保护生态系统的整体性的角度进行研究和规划,才能在保护生态环境的前提下,稳步提高林木生产力。该文从马尾松的起源分布、栽培及地力维护3个方面进行了探讨,以期为我国马尾松人工林栽培和地力维护的研究提供理论依据。
关键词:马尾松;栽培;地力维护
中图分类号 S727.1文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731(2020)09-0078-02
Discussion on the Cultivation and Soil Maintenance of Pinus massoniana Plantation
Zhang Boyu
(Huancui of Weihai Talent Innovation and Development Center, Weihai 264200, China)
Abstract: Cultivation and soil maintenance of pinus massoniana plantation are related to the balance between forest productivity and soil ecology. The artificial measures and management methods will inevitably affect the ecological environment and nutrient cycle of pinus massoniana plantation. Only through research and planning from the perspective of maintaining ecological balance and protecting the integrity of the ecosystem, can the forest productivity be steadily improved on the premise of protecting the ecological environment. This paper discusses the origin and distribution of pinus massoniana, the cultivation techniques of pinus massoniana and the soil fertility maintenance of pinus massoniana in order to provide a reasonable theoretical basis for the cultivation and soil fertility maintenance of pinus massoniana plantation in China.
Key words: Pinus massoniana; Cultivation; Soil improvement
马尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)具有耐贫瘠、耐干旱、丰产、速生、用途广、适应能力强等优点,是我国南方人工林的主要栽培树种之一,也是绿化造林的先锋树种之一。马尾松栽培技术的创新,对于我国林业产业的可持续发展和自然生态环境的保护具有重要意义。近年来,随着人工林集约化、纯林化、多代连栽等现象的出现与加剧,水土流失、生物多样性减少等生态系统的问题也随之日益凸显。因此,马尾松的地力维护及栽培技术受到了关注,成为相关领域的研究热点。
1 起源分布
马尾松分布于我国广西、贵州、重庆、四川、湖北以及西南地区很多县市,纵向从我国亚热带东部湿润气候区延至北热带,横向跨越我国北热带和东部亚热带的南、中、北3个亚带,面積约220万km2。经纬度范如下:21°41′~33°56′N、102°10′~123°14′E。马尾松是我国松属类树种中分布最为广泛的乡土树种之一,也是我国特有的造林、灭荒和用材树种,在森林生态系统以及我国林业生产中起着十分重要的作用[1]。……