第二产业能源效率对京津冀环境质量影响研究

邓天 张华

摘要：为研究第二产业能源效率对京津冀环境质量的影响机制，本研究基于2003-2017年京津冀地区能源消费和污染排放等面板数据，通过单要素能源效率测算法和熵值法测算第二产业能源效率并进行环境污染综合评价，利用FGLS模型实证分析第二产业能源效率和环境污染之间的关系。结果表明第二产业能源效率和环境污染之间存在着“U”型关系和倒“N”型关系。在能源效率低水平期，显著的能源效率提高能有效抑制环境污染水平;能源效率提高带来的经济效益促使部分落后地区大力发展高能耗产业以产生规模经济效益，这直接导致能源消费总量剧增，进而导致环境恶化;能源效率进一步提升带来的产业结构调整和技术升级等因素最终又抑制了环境的恶化。因此提升京津冀地区第二产业能源效率，转变能源消费结构，调整产业结构是京津冀地区协调可持续发展的必然选择。

Abstract： To study the influence mechanism of energy efficiency of secondary industry on environmental quality in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region， based on the panel data of energy consumption and pollution emissions in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2003 to 2017， this study calculates the energy efficiency of the secondary industry through single-factor energy efficiency method and comprehensive assessment of environmental pollution through improved entropy method. Then FGLS model is used to empirically analyze the relationship between energy efficiency of secondary industry and environmental pollution. The results show that there is a U-shaped relationship and an inverted N-shaped relationship between energy efficiency of secondary industry and environmental pollution. In the period of low energy efficiency， the significant improvement of energy efficiency can effectively restrain the environmental pollution level. The economic benefits brought by the improvement of energy efficiency promote the development of energy-intensive industries in some backward areas to generate economies of scale， which directly leads to the increase of total energy consumption and further leads to environmental degradation. However， factors such as industrial restructuring and technological upgrading brought by further improvement of energy efficiency will finally restrain the environmental deterioration. Therefore， improving the energy efficiency of secondary industry， changing the energy consumption structure and adjusting the industrial structure are the inevitable choices for the coordinated and sustainable development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.

關键词： 第二产业能源效率;京津冀;环境污染综合评价指数

Key words： energy efficiency of secondary industry;Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region;comprehensive evaluation index of environmental pollution

中图分类号：F206                                          文献标识码：A                                  文章编号：1006-4311（2020）21-0254-04

0  引言

进入21世纪以来，中国工业得到爆发性的发展，第二产业作为经济发展的主要动力之一，对环境的影响愈发显著。自十三届全国人大一次会议以来，政府针对提升第二产业能耗优化做了大量工作。统计数据显示，与2010年相比2017年万元GDP能耗北京、天津、河北分别累计下降31.5%、35.0%、34.5%。区域能源效率持续上升;与2013年相比，2017年京津冀地区、长三角地区和珠三角地区PM2.5年平均浓度分别下降39.6%、34.3%和27.7%。……