张静宇 高妍 张红娟 靳宝全



摘 要: 在超级电容和蓄电池的混合储能系统,如果功率分配不当,会造成储能系统充电电流振荡或过大。为此,提出一种以储能元件荷电状态为判断依据的功率分配方法,根据荷电状态确定分解层次,接着添加多级电压控制进行储能功率的初次分配,进一步通过多环PI控制和功率修正,有效抑制充电电流振荡和过充。最后,通过仿真验证了其控制方法的有效性。
关键词: 混合储能; 电压控制; 功率分配; 荷电状态; 功率校正; 仿真验证
中图分类号: TN876?34; TM910 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2020)06?0106?04
Research on multi?level voltage control of active parallel hybrid energy storage system
ZHANG Jingyu1, GAO Yan1, ZHANG Hongjuan1, JIN Baoquan2
(1. College of Electrical and Power Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;
2. MOE Key Laboratory of New Sensor and Intelligent Control, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China)
Abstract: In the hybrid energy storage system of supercapacitor and battery, the current oscillation or excessive current during charging of the energy storage system may be happened, if the power is misallocated. Based on this, a power allocation method based on the state of charge of the energy storage component is proposed. The decomposition level is determined according to the state of charge, and then the multi?level voltage control is added for the initial distribution of energy storage power. Furthermore, the current oscillation and excessive current during charging are suppressed by means of the multi?loop PI control and power correction. The simulation experiments verify the effectiveness of the control method.
Keywords: hybrid energy storage; voltage control; power distribution; charged state; power correction; simulation verification
0 引 言
由于风力发电、太阳能发电、潮汐能发电等新能源供电方式经济环保,成为了电力系统研究热点,但其极易受环境等因素影响,容易造成直流母线功率不平衡,储能装置通过吸收波动功率,维持电力系统稳定运行,成为了解决电网功率不平衡的有效途径。蓄电池具有高能量密度特性而超级电容具有高功率密度特性,因此二者构成的混合储能系统由于经济与技术上的优势,被广泛认为是解决目前能量短缺问题的有效方法[1?3]。在混合储能系统中,通过对储能单元进行管理,实现蓄电池与超级电容之间能量流的控制,从而满足负载功率需求,延长储能单元循环寿命。因此,混合储能系统控制策略的研究具有深远的意义。
目前混合储能技术拓扑结构主要分为有源并联与无源并联两大类[4],无源并联即蓄电池与超级电容不经过整流升降压而直接并联在直流母线两端,此方法结构简单,造价低,曾投入实践大量运用,但是可控性不理想,已逐步被淘汰。……