航空发动机电气附件绝缘故障分析与性能测试

孙兆荣 袁少帅 英福君 石旭东

摘  要： 绝缘性能是航空发动机运行及维护中的一项重要指标，关系到飞机的飞行安全。针对航空发动机电气附件两类关键的绝缘故障进行了仿真分析，明确了绝缘电阻值与绝缘性能间的关系。在此基础上，设计航空发动机电气附件绝缘性自动测试系统。系统采用硬件设备与上位机软件控制相结合的模式。硬件系统包括高阻测量模块、控制模块、动态组合切换模块及转接线缆等。软件系统采用基于不同型号发动机数据库的组件化程序设计思路，实现硬件模块间的通信控制、测量逻辑控制、绝缘性测量回路建立、人机交互及数据报表生成与存储等功能。该系统可一机多用，配合相应的转接线缆，可实现全部型号发动机的绝缘性自动测试需求，测试精度与测试速度得到大幅提高。

关键词： 绝缘性能测试; 航空发动机; 电气附件; 自动化; 故障仿真; 网络通信

中图分类号： TN876?34; TP216                  文献标识码： A                       文章编号： 1004?373X（2020）06?0129?04

Insulation faults analysis and performance testing for aero?engine electrical accessory

SUN Zhaorong， YUAN Shaoshuai， YING Fujun， SHI Xudong

（College of Electronic Information and Automation， Civil Aviation University of China， Tianjin 300300， China）

Abstract： Insulation performance is an important indicator in the operation and maintenance of aero-engine， which concerns the flight safety of the aircraft. The two key insulation faults simulation and analysis for aero-engine electrical accessories are carried out， and the relationship between insulation resistance and insulation performance is clarified. An automatic insulation testing system for the aero-engine electrical accessory is designed based on all the above. The mode combined the hardware equipment with the upper computer software control is used for the system. The hardware system includes high resistance measurement module， control module， dynamic combination switching module and transfer cables， and so on. The software system realizes these functions such as the communication control between hardware modules， measurement logic control， establishment of insulation measurement circuit， human?computer interaction and data report generation and storage by means of the modular program design thinking based on the databases of different types′ engines. This system can realize multiple purposes in one machine， and meet the requirement of automatic insulation testing for all types′ engines with the corresponding transfer cables， which greatly improves the testing accuracy and testing speed.

Keywords： insulation performance testing; aero?engine; electrical accessory; automation; fault simulation; network communication

0  引  言

航空发动机电气附件定义为发动机中的传感器、执行器及连接部件等，用于发动机参数的获取与实时监测、发动机控制回路数据交互与控制系统作动、发动机电气系统保护与切断等。飞机飞行中，电气附件将遭受电磁、机械、化学、外力、热等各种因素的影响。随着飞行周期的增加，电气附件的绝缘介质将发生一系列物理化学变化，可能引起绝缘介质的腐蚀、磨损及老化，甚至导致绝缘介质的破损[1]。发动机工作过程中，绝缘结构的电气性能和机械强度直接影响电气附件的使用寿命。……