超细TiH2粉的制取及工艺研究

周大川 李喜德 邹浩然 张绰

摘 要

本文选用氢化脱氢/阻断剂包覆联合法制取超细TiH2粉。通过激光粒度测试，TEM及SEM等手段来研究制取TiH2粉的过程中一些工艺参数对TiH2粉的氧含量、形貌及粒度的影响，探寻出了阻断剂对TiH2粉颗粒的抑制机理。结果表明，在700℃/2hrs的条件下海绵钛经过渗氢之后球磨5小时，粉末的D50径达到了6.89μm，NaCl作为阻断剂对TiH2粉进行包覆，制得的TiH2粉为不规则形状，且D50达到6.16μm，氧含量变为0.89 wt.%。得出一个结论，阻断剂的引入能使TiH2粉中的氧含量得到微量增加。

关键词

超细TiH2粉;氢化;阻断剂;颗粒长大

中图分类号： TF125.22                     文獻标识码： A

DOI：10.19694/j.cnki.issn2095-2457.2020.15.062

Abstract

In this paper，a method was proposed by comparing these methods： ultrafine TiH2 powder was prepared by the method of hydrogenation dehydrogenation/blocking agent covered combined method.The ultrafine TiH2 powder is prepared by using a hydrogenated crushing and blocking agent covered and finally removing the blocking agent.The effects of some technological parameters on the oxygen content，morphology and particle size of TiH2 powder were studied by means of TEM，SEM and laser particle size test.The mechanism of particle growth inhibition of blocker was discussed.The results show that the sponge titanium is billed for 5h after 700℃/2 hours of hydrogen evolution，the median diameter of the powder is 6.89μm，and the hydrogenated powder is coated with NaCl as the inhibitor.The ultrafine TiH2 powder is irregular and the median diameter also reached 6.16μm， oxygen content became 0.89wt.%.The conclusion is that the inhibitor results in a slight increase in the oxygen content of the titanium powder.

Key Words

Ultrafine TiH2 powder;Hydrogenation;Blocker;Particle growth

0 前言

制取泡沫铝的优良材料很多，TiH2就是其中之一。泡沫铝具有成形精度较高、易加工、抗腐蚀能力较强、导热率较低、密度较小、耐候性较强、耐高温等优点。而制取TiH2粉最常用的方法是氢化脱氢法，制取超细TiH2粉也是为了能制取泡沫铝。

TiH2粉的制取方法有许多，如：旋转电极法、氢化脱氢法（HDH）、熔盐电解还原法、连续熔盐流法、机械合金化法（MA）、气体雾化法等[1]。氢化球磨法是一种利用了钛的一种特性（钛对氢气的可逆性吸收）来制取TiH2粉的方法，具有成本低且操作简单等优点。其操作流程是将钛置于真空环境中，随后充入足够的氢气，并辅以加热，加热到一定程度时，钛吸收氢，从而变成氢化钛，该化合物容易被一些机械力粉碎，被粉碎后的粉末中含有大量氢气的即为氢化钛粉。该方法成本低，工艺实现较简单，并且生产出来的粉末粒度范围较宽。该方法经过了许多年的改良和提升，已然成为了国内制取TiH2粉的重要方法。……