赵明珠 郭铁英 马关润 萧自位 白学慧 周华 苏琳琳



摘 要:土壤因子是影響小粒咖啡品质产量的主要因子。本研究通过对土壤因子进行相关性分析、改进的灰色关联分析、通径分析及多元线性回归分析,明确影响小粒咖啡品质和产量的主要因子,以指导科学施肥。结果表明:小粒咖啡咖啡因含量的土壤决定因子为海拔(-0.296*),总糖含量的土壤决定因子为有机质(0.607**)和速效磷(-0.232*),蛋白质的土壤决定因子为pH(-0.387**)和有机质(0.227*),灰分含量的土壤决定因子为速效磷(0.334**),水溶性浸出物含量的土壤决定因子为海拔(-0.494**),脂肪含量的土壤决定因子为碱解氮(-0.461**),产量的土壤决定因子为速效钾(0.339**)和有机质(0.248*)。研究结果可为小粒咖啡优质高产的土壤条件筛选和肥料的减施增效提供一定的理论基础,以期增强优质咖啡种质的适宜性和目的性。
关键词:土壤因子;小粒咖啡;相关分析;改进的灰色关联分析;通径分析;回归分析;品质;产量中图分类号:S571.2 文献标识码:A
Relationship Between Soil Factors, Quality and Yield Formation inCoffea arabica
ZHAO Mingzhu, GUO Tieying, MA Guanrun, XIAO Ziwei, BAI Xuehui, ZHOU Hua, SU Linlin*
Dehong Tropical Agriculture Research Institute of Yunnan, Ruili, Yunnan 678600, China
Abstract: Soil factors play important roles in affecting the quality and yield ofCoffea arabica. The purpose of the study was to provide an academic evidence for guiding the scientific fertilization, good quality and high yield, and identifying the primary indexes of quality, yield by investigation the variation of soil factors ofC. arabica. The correlation, improved grey relational analysis, path analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to identify the primary indexes ofC. arabicaquality and yield. The results showed that altitude was a key soil determinant of caffeine inC. arabica (-0.296*), the prime determinant factors of total sugar content were soil organic matter (OM) (0.607**) and available phosphorus (AP) (0.232*), that for crude protein content were soil pH (-0.387**) and OM (0.227*), that for crude ash content was AP (0.334**), that for water-soluble extracts content was altitude (-0.494**), that for fat content was alkalystic nitrogen (AN) (-0.461**), and that for the yield ofC. arabicawere available potassium (AK) (0.339**) and OM (0.248*). The results would be useful to guiding the screening of soil conditions, reducing the amounts of fertilizer and increasing the fertilizer-use efficiency in order to enhance the suitability and purpose of the excellent germplasm in C. arabica.
Keywords: soil factors;Coffea arabica; correlation analysis; improved grey relational analysis; path analysis; regression analysis; quality; yield
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.06.001
咖啡是世界3大饮料作物之首,具有可观的经济价值和药用升值前景。我国主要栽培品种为小粒种(Coffea arabica L.),其面积和产量分别占世界咖啡总面积和总产量的80%和82%以上。云南小粒咖啡的种植面积和产量均占全国的99%以上。
土壤因子决定了作物生长发育的优劣,直接影响到作物的产量和品质。前人研究中指出:在黑土农田极端侵蚀的环境下,土壤质量与玉米产量呈显著相关关系[1]。随着海拔的升高,作物产量逐渐下降[2]。但也有研究持相反结果,高海拔环境显著提高作物的产量和品质[3]。……