不同激素种类、浓度及浸泡时间对金蒲桃扦插生根的影响

张沛健 高丽琼 尚秀华

摘  要：以金蒲桃半木質化枝条作为插穗，以黄心土+砂（1∶1）为基质，通过正交试验针对不同激素种类、浓度以及浸泡时间等因素研究金蒲桃扦插生根的效果，从而获得最适宜金蒲桃扦插生根的处理，为其扦插繁殖提供理论基础和技术支持。结果表明：金蒲桃以皮层组织生根为主，较好的处理插穗成活率超过90%，激素浓度是影响金蒲桃扦插生根最主要的因素，其次是激素种类，浸泡时间的影响最小。极差分析结果发现，扦插生根率最适合的因素组合A₂B₂C₃（500 mg/L IBA浸泡2 min）或A₂B₃C₁（200 mg/L IBA浸泡30 min），扦插生根数量最适合的因素组合为A₁B₁C₁（1000 mg/L NAA浸泡30 min），扦插生根平均根长最适合的因素组合为A₃B₃C₂（200 mg/L“根太阳”生根剂浸泡10 min），最适合扦插生根最长根长的因素组合为A₂B₁C₂（1000 mg/L IBA浸泡10 min），最适合扦插生根效果指数的因素组合为A₁B₁C₁（1000 mg/L NAA浸泡30  min）。主成分分析联合生根效果指数指标极差分析结果表明，A₁B₁C₁（1000 mg/L NAA浸泡30 min）和A₁B₂C₂（500 mg/L NAA浸泡10 min）是适宜金蒲桃扦插较好的组合。总之，金蒲桃是一种扦插相对比较容易的植物，该研究结果可为生产中金蒲桃的扦插繁殖提供参考。

关键词：金蒲桃;扦插;正交设计;激素中图分类号：S723.1+32     文献标识码：A

Effects of Different Hormone Types， Concentrations and Soaking Time on Cutting Rooting ofXanthostemon chrysanthus

ZHANG Peijian， GAO Liqiong， SHANG Xiuhua^*

China Eucalypt Research Centre， Zhanjiang， Guangdong 524022， China

Abstract：Taking semi-lignified branches ofXanthostemon chrysanthusas the cutting and loess+sand （1∶1） as the

substrates， the effects of different hormone types， concentrations and soaking time on the rooting ofX. chrysanthuscuttings was studied by the orthogonal experiment. The most suitable treatment for the rooting was obtained， which would providea theoretical basis and technical support for its cutting propagation. The rooting was mainly in the cortical tissue. The survival rate of cuttings was over 90%. Hormone concentration was the most important factor affecting the rooting， followed by hormone types， and soaking time had the least effect. Range analysis showed that the most suitable factor combination for cutting rooting rate was A₂B₂C₃（500 mg/L IBA soaked for 2 minutes） or A₂B₃C₁（200 mg/L IBA soaked for 30 minutes）. The most suitable combination for cutting rooting number was A₁B₁C₁（1000 mg/L NAA soaked for 30 minutes）， and A₃B₃C₂（200 mg/L “Gentaiyang” rooting agent soaked for 10 minutes） was the most suitable for cutting rooting length， the most suitable combination for longest rooting length was A₂B₁C₂（1000 mg/L IBA soaked for 10 minutes）， and the most suitable combination for cutting rooting index was A₁B₁C₁（1000 mg/L NAA soaked for 30 minutes）. The results of principal component analysis combined with range analysis of rooting effect index showed that A₁B₁C₁（1000 mg/L NAA soaked for 30 minutes） and A₁B₂C₂（500 mg/L NAA soaked for 10 minutes） were the better combination for survival and rooting. In a word，X. chrysanthuswas a plant relatively easy to be used as cuttings. The experimental results could provide a reference for cutting propagation of X. chrysanthusin future production.

Keywords： Xanthostemon chrysanthus; cutting propagation; orthogonal design; hormone

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.06.003

金蒲桃（Xanthostemon chrysanthus），别名黄金熊猫，为桃金娘科植物，常绿小乔木，原产于澳大利亚，是澳洲特有的代表植物之一。金蒲桃性喜温暖湿润的气候，生长适温约为22～32 ℃，植株高可达5 m，叶有对生、互生或丛生枝顶，披针形，全缘，革质;聚伞花序，花丝金黄色，如黄色绒球，其全年有花，每年11月至次年2月为盛花期，果为蒴果，果实有宿存的雌蕊;其木材硬，澳大利亚土著人用作剑、矛和挖掘工具。……