钟海丰 陈剑锋 陈宇华 邱思鑫 黄敏玲



摘 要:以53份蝴蝶兰种质资源为研究材料,对24个主要数量性状的变异情况、正态性检验以及概率分级进行研究。结果表明:24个主要数量性状的种间变异幅度为8.22%~45.31%,其中花序花朵数量变异系数最大,合蕊柱长度变异系数最小。种内变异幅度为5.07%~22.50%,变异系数最大的为花序长度,变异系数最小的为花朵宽度。经K-S检验植株大小、叶片长度等23个数量性状Sig值>0.05,符合正态分布,花序花朵数量经c2检验,符合卡方分布,呈现偏态分布,所有考察的数量性状认为均符合正态分布。24个数量性状均分为5级,统一采用(X?1.2818S)、(X?0.5246S)、(X+0.5246S)、(X+1.2818S) 4个点,从而使性状值落入1~5级的概率分别为10%、20%、40%、20%和10%。
关键词:蝴蝶兰;数量性状;概率分级;DUS测试中图分类号:S31 文献标识码:A
Variation and Probability Grading of Main Quantitative Traits ofPhalaenopsisGermplasm Resources
ZHONG Haifeng1, 2, CHEN Jianfeng1, 2, CHEN Yuhua1, 2, QIU Sixin1, 2, HUANG Minling1, 2*
1. Crop Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China; 2. Fuzhou Sub-center for New Plant Variety Tests, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China
Abstract: The variation, normality test and probability grading analysis of 24 main quantitative traits were carried out, using 53Phalaenopsis germplasmresources as the research materials. The coefficient of interspecific variation of the traits varied from 8.22% to 45.31%. Among them, the coefficient of variation of the flower number was the biggest, while the length of gynostemium was the least. Meanwhile, the coefficient of intraspecific variation of the traits varied from 5.07% to 22.50%. The coefficient of variation of inflorescence length was the biggest, and the flower width was the least. The Sig value of 23 quantitative traits, such as plant size and leaf length, was more than 0.05 by K-S test, which was in accordance with normal distribution, and the number of inflorescence showed skewed distribution according to chi-square test. All the quantitative traits examined were in accordance with normal distribution. The 24 quantitative traits could be divided into five grades. Four points (X-1.2818S), (X-0.5246S), (X+0.5246S) and (X+1.2818S) are used uniformly, so that the probability of the trait value falling into 1-5 grades is 10%, 20%, 40%, 20% and 10%, respectively.
Keywords: Phalaenopsis; quantitative traits; probability grading; DUS testing
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.06.007
品種特异性(Distinctness)、一致性(Unifo?rm?ity)和稳定性(Stability)(简称DUS)测试是定义品种的科学方法,也是目前我国作物品种管理、新品种保护、育种评价的重要技术支撑[1-3]。数量性状是植物形态描述的主要指标体系,数量性状的评价标准是开展种质评价和DUS测试的重要内容[4-5]。同时,数量性状容易受到环境因素的影响,稳定性较差[6]。因此,有必要对数量性状的变异情况、分布类型以及分级标准进行研究分析,建立科学的评价与分级体系。
蝴蝶兰(Phalaenopsis)是兰科(Orchidaceae)蝴蝶兰属植物,其花形奇特,犹如翩翩起舞的蝴蝶,色彩丰富艳丽且花期长,素有“洋兰皇后”的美誉,观赏价值极高。蝴蝶兰于2010年被列入我国第8批农业植物品种保护名录,并于2012年12月7日公告发布了《植物新品种特异性、一致性和稳定性测试指南 蝴蝶兰》[7-8],但并未明确其数量性状的分级标准。目……