基于STM32的混凝土激光整平机水平控制系统设计

2020-08-04 12:27:53秦海鹏张帅黄欢曹竞豪
现代电子技术 2020年3期

秦海鹏 张帅 黄欢 曹竞豪

摘  要: 研究一种基于STM32的激光整平机控制系统的设计方案。该系统由STM32微处理器、惯性传感器(MPU6050)、电推杆驱动器等部分组成。以STM32F103处理器作为姿态解算单元,以STM32F407处理器作为控制单元,两者之间通过RS 232接口进行通信。采用扩展卡尔曼滤波算法将MEMS陀螺仪、加速度计和磁力计的测量数据进行融合,利用四元数坐标变换解算出所需的姿态角。搭建一套整平机实验平台用来验证方法的有效性,利用PID算法实现整平机水平倾角的调平控制。实验结果显示,控制系统可以稳定运行,姿态解算偏差不超过0.5°,水平控制时超调量较小,调节时间在2 s以内。综上所述,该系统测量精度高,控制稳定性好,能够较好地实现整平机的水平控制,因此,该系统可以提高整平精度,降低整机成本,具有很高的实用价值。

关键词: 激光整平机; 混凝土整平; 数据融合; 调平控制; 控制系統设计; 有效性验证

中图分类号: TN876?34; TP202                   文献标识码: A                      文章编号: 1004?373X(2020)03?0150?04

Design of concrete laser leveling machine horizontal control system based on STM32

QIN Haipeng, ZHANG Shuai, HUANG Huan, CAO Jinghao

(School of Electrical Engineering & Automation, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221000, China)

Abstract: A designing scheme of laser leveling control system based on STM32 is proposed. The system consists of the STM32 microprocessor, the inertial sensor (MPU6050) and the electric pushrod driver. The STM32F103 processor is used as the attitude calculation unit, and the STM32F407 processor as the control unit of the system. The two units communicate through the RS 232 interface. The measured data of MEMS gyroscope, accelerometer and magnetometer are fused by the extended Kalman filtering algorithm, and the required attitude angle is solved with the quaternion coordinate transformation. A series of leveling machine experimental platforms are built to verify the effectiveness of the method. The leveling control of horizontal angle of the leveling machine is realized by the PID (proportion?integration?differentiation) algorithm. The experimental results show that the control system can operate stably, the attitude solution deviation does not exceed 0.5°, the overshoot for horizontal control is relatively small and the adjusting time is within 2 s. In summary, the measurement accuracy of the system is high, the control is stable, and the system can better realize horizontal control of the leveling machine. Therefore, the system can improve the leveling accuracy and reduce the cost of complete machine, thus it has high practical value.

Keywords: laser leveling machine; concrete leveling; data fusion; leveling control; control system design; effectiveness verification

0  引  言

平地铲的水平控制是整平机控制系统中的关键技术,角度传感器为水平控制系统提供平地铲当前的水平倾角,而高精度的姿态角信号是保障系统性能的前提。基于重力摆和阻尼油结构的倾角传感器由于测量误差较大,无法保证系统的精度[1]。随着微机电系统和数据融合算法的发展,MEMS惯性传感器由于体积小、成本低、抗干扰能力强、数据可靠性高等优点,被广泛应用于惯导、航姿领域[2]。陀螺仪和加速度计在积分时间漂移和测量噪声的影响下会产生较大误差[3?4]。……

登录APP查看全文