邓桃 杨昌贵 周涛



【摘 要】 目的:提升水三七的质量控制标准。方法:采用显微鉴别法对水三七药材粉末进行鉴别;参照2015年版《中国药典》测定水分、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分和醇浸出物的含量;采用紫外分光光度法,建立水三七总皂苷的定量方法。结果:淀粉粒、导管和草酸钙针晶为水三七粉末稳定性的显微特征;17批样品中,水分为7.38%~8.79%,总灰分为3.26%~7.06%,酸不溶性灰分为0.45%~3.12%,醇溶性浸出物含量为11.52%~22.32%,总皂苷含量为1.39%~4.56%。结论:该方法稳定可靠,可用于水三七的质量控制。
【关键词】 水三七;总皂苷;质量标准;提升研究
【中图分类号】R284.1 【文献标志码】 A 【文章编号】1007-8517(2020)12-0018-05
Abstract:Objective To improve the quality control standard of Rhizoma Schizocapsae. Methods The powder of Rhizoma Schizocapsae was identified by microscopic identification. The contents of water, total ash, acid insoluble ash and alcohol extract were determined with reference to the 2015 edition of Chinese pharmacopoeia. A quantitative method for the determination of total saponins of Rhizoma Schizocapsae was established by UV Spectrophotometer. Results starch granules, catheter and calcium oxalate needle crystals showed the microscopic characteristics of powder stability of Rhizoma Schizocapsae. Among the 17 samples, the water content was 7.38%~ 8.79%, the total ash content was 3.26%~ 7.06%, the acid insoluble ash content was 0.45%~ 3.12%, the alcohol soluble extract content was 11.52%~ 22.32%, and the total saponin content was 1.39%~4.56%. Conclusion the method is stable and reliable, and can be used for quality control of Rhizoma Schizocapsae.
Keywords:Rhizoma Schizocapsae; Total Saponins; Quality Standard;Upgrading Research
水三七又名水田七、屈頭鸡、水萝卜等,为蒟蒻薯科植物裂果薯 Schizocapsa plantaginea Hance.的块茎,水三七之名始载于《贵州卫生》[1],在《广西中药志》《湖南药物志》中均有记载,主要分布于贵州、湖南、广西等省区,为苗族、侗族、水族、瑶族等民族习用药物,用于百日咳、食积、胃痛、跌打损伤、咽喉肿痛的治疗[2]。现代药理和临床应用表明,水三七具有很好的抗肿瘤作用。2003年版《贵州省中药材、民族药材质量标准》和2014年版《广西瑶族习用药材质量标准》等标准中[3-5]均仅收载了水三七药材的来源、性状等简单的质控项目,缺少专属的鉴别方法和药效成分定量测定方法,这难以控制药材质量。因此,建立更为完善的水三七药材质量控制标准,显得非常有必要。
水三七主要化学成分为甾族皂苷、氨基酸、黄酮和花青色素[6]以及多种甾苦味物质[7],其中总皂苷为其抗肿瘤的主要活性成分,能明显抑制食管癌细胞、胃癌细胞和肝癌细胞的生长[8-11]。……