【摘 要】金融衍生工具是基于股票、债券、外汇、商品等基础金融工具发展而来的金融产品。目前,我国金融衍生工具的发展呈现出交易规模大品种多、交易集中、以政府监管为主的特点。由于信息不对称、交易机制不完善、监管配套法律不完善,金融衍生工具交易存在信用风险、流动性风险、市场风险、法律风险和操作风险。在分析风险成因的基础上,论文提出了相应的改进措施。论文的研究结论对促进金融衍生工具在我国发展具有重要意义。
【Abstract】Financial derivative instruments are financial products developed based on basic financial instruments such as stocks, bonds, foreign exchange, commodities and so on. At present, the development of China's financial derivative instruments presents the characteristics of large transaction scale, many varieties, centralized transactions, and government's supervision and management are the main. Due to asymmetric information, imperfect transaction mechanism and imperfect supporting laws of supervision and management, there are credit risk, liquidity risk, market risk, legal risk and operational risk existing in the transactions of financial derivative instruments. Based on the analysis of the risk causes, the paper puts forward the corresponding improvement measures. The conclusion of this paper is of great significance to promote the development of financial derivative instruments in China.
【关键词】金融衍生工具;交易风险;信息不对称
【Keywords】financial derivative instruments; transaction risk; asymmetric information
【中图分类号】F832.2 【文献标志码】A 【文章編号】1673-1069(2020)06-0092-03
1 引言
金融衍生工具是由股票、债券、外汇、商品等基础金融工具发展而来的金融产品,其按交易方式可分为:远期;期货;期权和互换也被称为掉期,还包括各种结构化产品,如资产证券化等。目前,我国金融衍生工具的发展体现出交易规模大、交易品种多、交易集中、以政府监管为主等特点。金融衍生工具交易有跨期性、复杂性、杠杆性、高风险性等特点。金融衍生工具具有避险、定价、风险转移、引导资源配置的功能。首先,在日常交易中,投资者可用于分散基础金融工具交易中的系统性风险,起到套期保值的作用,但需注意套期保值有基差风险;其次,投资者也可利用金融衍生工具进行投机;最后,投资者还可利用金融衍生工具跨市场进行套利,如利用期权进行牛市套利、熊市套利、蝶式套利,等等。由于信息不对称、交易机制不完善、监管配套法律不完善等问题存在,导致金融衍生工具交易存在信用风险、流动性风险、市场风险、法律风险和操作风险。……