

【摘 要】1980年9月10日第五届全国人民代表大会第三次会议通过《中华人民共和国个人所得税法》(以下简称《个税法》),至今,《个税法》已先后经历了7次修订,并于2019年1月1日开始实施。此次修订,亮点层出不穷,新增了综合所得和专项附加扣除,并采取了累计预扣预缴年度汇算清缴的征收方式。论文探讨新《个税法》下综合所得的预扣预缴及汇算清缴。
【Abstract】The "Individual Income Tax Law of the People's Republic of China" (hereinafter referred to as the "Individual Income Tax Law") was adopted at the Third Session of the Fifth National People's Congress on September 10, 1980. So far, the "Individual Tax Law" has undergone seven amendments, which came into effect on January 1, 2019. The bright spot of this revision emerges one after another, has added comprehensive income and special additional deduction, and has adopted the collection method of accumulated withholding and pre-payment of annual final settlement. This paper discusses the withholding and pre-payment and final settlement of comprehensive income under the new "Individual Tax Law".
【關键词】个人所得税;预扣预缴;汇算清缴
【Keywords】individual income tax; withholding and pre-payment; final settlement
【中图分类号】F812.42 【文献标志码】A 【文章编号】1673-1069(2020)06-0095-03
1 新《个税法》修改的亮点
此次个税法的修改涉及税目、应纳税所得额、税率和个税征收方式上的变化,具体表现在以下方面。
1.1 优化税目、建立综合所得
新《个税法》第二条第一款规定“下列各项个人所得,应当缴纳个人所得税:工资薪金所得;劳务报酬所得;稿酬所得;特许权使用费所得;经营所得;利息、股息、红利所得;财产租赁所得;财产转让所得;偶然所得”,税目从修订前的11个变成修订后的9个,具体表现在取消其他所得,调整经营所得范围。新《个税法》第二条第二款规定“居民个人取得前款第一项至第四项所得为综合所得”,首次建立综合所得,实现个税综合征收与分类征收相结合,税款征收更加公平。
1.2 调整优化个税税率结构
新《个税法》采用超额累进税率和比例税率相结合,财产所得、偶然所得适用20%比例税率;经营所得适用5%~35%、综合所得适用3%~45%超额累进税率,综合所得扩大3%、10%、20%三档低税率的级距,大幅降低中低收入者税负,具体如表1所示。
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