盆底肌电生物反馈疗法对初产妇产后盆底肌力及性功能的影响

丁晓燕 王璐璐 陈晓明

[摘要] 目的 探討盆底肌电生物反馈疗法对初产妇产后盆底肌力及性功能的影响。 方法 选择2018年1月～2019年8月在医院分娩的初产妇100例为研究对象，所有产妇分娩后8周回访，盆底肌力筛查需进行盆底康复治疗，随机分为观察组与对照组各50例。对照组采用盆底康复锻炼治疗，观察组在此基础上加用盆底肌电生物反馈疗法治疗。比较两组治疗后盆底肌力、性功能评分、生活质量。 结果 （1）两组治疗后盆底肌力均较入组时显著改善，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;治疗后，观察组盆底肌力显著优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。（2）治疗后，两组女性性功能指数调查量表（Female sexual function index questionnaire，FSFI）评分较入组时显著提高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;治疗后，观察组FSFI评分显著高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。（3）治疗后，两组躯体功能、角色功能、情感功能、社会功能以及整体生活质量较入组时均得到显著改善，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;治疗后，观察组躯体功能、角色功能、情感功能、社会功能以及整体生活质量评分均优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 盆底肌电生物反馈疗法可显著改善初产妇产后盆底肌力及性功能，提高生活质量。

[关键词] 盆底肌电生物反馈疗法;初产妇;性功能;生活质量

[中图分类号] R714.6          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2020）16-0055-04

Effects of pelvic floor electromyography biofeedback therapy on postpartum pelvic floor muscle strength and sexual function in primiparas

DING Xiaoyan   WANG Lulu   CHEN Xiaoming

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology， Zhejiang Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital（Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital）， Hangzhou   310003， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effects of pelvic floor electromyography biofeedback therapy on postpartum pelvic floor muscle strength and sexual function in primiparas. Methods A total of 100 primiparas who delivered in our hospital from January 2018 to August 2019 were selected as the research subjects. All women returned for a visit 8 weeks after delivery. Women who required pelvic floor rehabilitation by pelvic floor muscle strength screening were divided into two groups， with 50 cases in each group. The control group was treated with pelvic floor rehabilitation exercise， and the observation group was treated with pelvic floor electromyography biofeedback therapy on the basis of the control group. The pelvic floor muscle strength， sexual function score， and quality of life were compared between the two groups after treatment. Results （1）After treatment， the pelvic floor muscle strength of the two groups was significantly improved compared with that before treatment， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment， the pelvic floor muscle strength in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. （2）After treatment， the female sexual function index questionnaire（FSFI） scores in the two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment， and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）; after treatment， the FSFI score in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. （3）After treatment， the physical function， role function， emotional function， social function， and overall quality of life of the two groups were significantly improved compared with those before treatment， and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）; after treatment， the physical function， role function， emotional function， social function， and overall quality of life of the observation group were better than those of the control group， the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion The pelvic floor electromyography biofeedback therapy can significantly improve the postpartum pelvic floor muscle strength and sexual function， and the quality of life.

[Key words] Pelvic floor electromyography biofeedback therapy; Primipara; Sexual function; Quality of life

盆底功能障碍疾病（Pelvic floor dysfunction，PFD）是盆底支持结构缺陷、损伤及功能障碍造成的疾病，主要表现为尿失禁、盆腔器官脱垂、性功能障碍、慢性疼痛等。妊娠、阴道分娩、分娩损伤是常见的病因，其他还有年龄、运动、妇科手术史、盆腔内肿物等。既往研究显示，持续性枕横位、持续新枕后位、活跃期停滞或延长、第二产程停滞或延长的发生是影响初产妇产后盆底功能障碍主要因素[1，2]。肌电生物反馈仪是基于肌电生物反馈的机制结合一定强度的低频脉冲对肌肉进行电刺激，使肌肉紧张或松弛，来训练和改善肌肉功能，帮助患者重建并恢复肌肉正常运动功能的一种医疗器械[3，4]。盆底肌电生物反馈疗法是目前治疗盆底功能障碍的常用方法之一，本文将其应用于初产妇产后盆底功能的康复，分析其对患者盆底功能、性功能的影响，现报道如下。……