分析PBL教学模式在骨科临床实习教学中应用的可行性及意义

刘毅　刘旭　杨德盛

[摘要] 目的 探讨在骨科临床实习教学中应用PBL教学模式的可行性及意义。方法 该次纳入对象为2018年5月—2019年5月于该院骨科实习的临床医学五年制本科生70名，随机分成两组，各35名，在实习教学中分别采取传统以授课为基础的教学模式（LBL）及基于问题式学习的教学模式（PBL），比较两组教学效果。结果 PBL组临床基本操作技能考核成绩为（38.5±2.7）分，专业知识考核成绩为（89.7±3.5）分，均明显高于LBL组，比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 在骨科临床实习教学中应用PBL教学模式可明显增强教学效果，广受学生青睐。

[关键词] PBL教学模式;骨科;临床实习;教学

[中图分类号] G642 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-5654（2020）05（b）-0123-03

Analysis of the Feasibility and Significance of the Application of PBL Teaching Mode in the Clinical Practice Teaching of Orthopedics

LIU Yi1， LIU Xu1， YANG De-sheng2

1.The first ward outside the Children's Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University， Urumqi， Xinjiang， 830054 China; 2.The third department of spine surgery， the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University， Urumqi， Xinjiang， 830002 China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the feasibility and significance of applying PBL teaching mode in clinical practice teaching of orthopedics. Methods The subjects included in this study were 70 cases of five-year undergraduate students in clinical medicine who practiced orthopedics in the hospital from May 2018 to May 2019. They were randomly divided into two groups， each with 35 cases. The basic teaching model （LBL） and the problem-based learning teaching model （PBL） compare the teaching effects of the two groups. Results The assessment scores of clinical basic operation skills in the PBL group were（38.5±2.7）points and the assessment scores of professional knowledge were （89.7±3.5）points， which were significantly higher than those in the LBL group， and there was a statistical difference（P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of the PBL teaching mode in the clinical practice teaching of orthopedics can obviously enhance the teaching effect and is widely favored by students.

[Key words] PBL teaching mode; Orthopedica; Clinical practice; Teaching

临床教学主要连接医学理论教学与实践教学，是为临床输送专业医师的关键环节[1]。骨科学作为综合学科涉及的基础理论知识较多，包括外科学、解剖学、生物力学及病理学等，内容丰富、专业且抽象，在有限的學时内难以保证学生真正掌握与理解[2]。LBL传统教学模式弊端逐渐凸显，因教学中学生被动接受教学内容，缺乏学习积极性与动力，对不断更新的知识多通过死记硬背的方式记忆，医德医风、实践能力及团队合作能力均欠缺，故而临床十分关注如何引导学生有效结合医学理论知识与临床实践及提高其综合能力。PBL教学模式出发点基于实际，将问题作为基础，围绕学生对其自学能力予以培养，促使学生实际问题解决能力与综合思考能力得以增强[3-4]。该研究探讨骨科临床实习教学中PBL教学模式的应用效果，2018年5月—2019年5月选取医学生70名，现报道如下。

1  资料与方法