PBL教学查房在老年心血管内科护理实习中的效果评价

[摘要] 目的 探讨老年心血管内科护理实习中，PBL教学查房的效果。方法 将在2018年1月—2019年1月期间在该院心血管内科实习的学生28名纳入该次研究，以随机数字表法将其分为研究组和对照组。研究组14名实施PBL教学查房模式，对照组14名实施基础查房模式。记录14 d实习完成后两组理论考试成绩、住院病历书写质量以及两组学生对教学满意度。结果 14 d实习完成后进行理论考试，研究组分值（87.7±4.5）分高于对照组（81.1±5.8）分，两组对比（P<0.05）;研究组住院病历书写质量较好率高于对照组，两组对比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;研究组教学满意度92.86%高于对照组57.14%，组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 心血管内科实习生教学中，行PBL教学模式能够提升教学效果，改善书写住院病历质量。

[关键词] 心血管内科;实习生;PBL教学;查房;教学效果

[中图分类号] R47;G642 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-5654（2020）05（b）-0138-03

Effectiveness Evaluation of PBL Teaching Rounds in Nursing Practice of Elderly Cardiovascular Medicine

LI Ling

Second Section， Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine， South Branch， Chenzhou First People's Hospital， Chenzhou， Hunan Province， 423000 China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of PBL teaching rounds in nursing practice of elderly cardiovascular medicine. Methods Twenty-eight students who were interned in cardiovascular medicine in the hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 were included in this study. They were divided into a study group and a control group by a random number table method. Fourteen of the research group implemented the PBL teaching rounds mode， and 14 of the control group implemented the basic rounds mode. After the completion of the internship on the 14 d， the results of the theoretical examinations， the quality of writing the hospital medical records， and the satisfaction of the two groups of students were recorded. Results After the internship was completed on the 14 d， the theoretical examination was performed. The score of the study component （87.7±4.5）points was higher than that of the control group （81.1±5.8）points. The comparison between the two groups was（P<0.05）. The better rate of writing the hospital medical records in the study group was higher than that in the control group， the comparison between the two groups was statistically difference significant（P<0.05）; the teaching satisfaction of the study group was 92.86% higher than the control group of 57.14%， and there difference was statistical significance between the groups（P<0.05）. Conclusion In the teaching of cardiovascular internal medicine trainees， the PBL teaching mode can improve the teaching effect and improve the quality of written hospital records.

[Key words] Cardiovascular Medicine; Interns; PBL teaching; Rounds; Teaching effects

在20世紀60年代，国外研究人员首次提出PBL（Problem-Based Learning，也称作问题式学习）教学模式达到较显著的效果。而后PBL教学模式不断引入到各个医学院教学中[1]。作为一种纵向和横向交叉的教学模式，PBL主要是教师在备课过程中对问题进行设计，而后在授课过程中以学生为主要关键，以教师为引导者，开展的一种小组讨论模式[2]。PBL教学模式将问题贯穿到临床中，从而拓宽知识面，让学生在解决问题时学习相关理念，这些理念不仅仅包含书本中应该学习的内容，同时还包含如何更有效地学习知识。和基础教学模式对比，在学生主观能动性调整上，综合思维能力学习上以及问题解决中，PBL发挥着十分关键的作用[3]。因此文章通过选择2018年1月—2019年1月在该院心血管内科实习的学生28名纳入研究，将PBL教学模式应用于心血管内科中，比较临床教学质量，现报道如下。

1  资料与方法

1.1  一般资料

28名学生在该院心血管内科实习。……