梁振娟 程娜 赵维 陈永发 付毅



摘 要:设置5个钾肥水平,通过测量株高、茎叶数、茎株数、茎粗、分枝数、叶片长、茎叶产量、根茎产量、茎叶水浸出物、根茎营养成分等,探讨不同钾肥用量对鱼腥草产量和品质的影响。结果表明,当硫酸钾施用量为450kg/hm2时,鱼腥草茎叶、根茎产量均最高;高钾对鱼腥草茎叶水浸出物的积累有极大的帮助,还可增加根茎蛋白质和纤维素含量,脂肪和水溶性糖在硫酸钾施用量225~450kg/hm2时较高。
关键词:鱼腥草;钾肥;产量;品质
中图分类号 S184文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731(2020)14-0092-03
Abstract:There was five potassium fertilizer levels has been setted to measure the height, stem and leaf number, stem number, stem diameter, branch number, leaf length, stem and leaf yield, rhizome yield, stem and leaf water extract, rhizome nutrient composition, to explore the effect of different levels of potash fertilizer on the yield and quality of Houttuynia .The test results showed that the yield of houttuynia was the highest when the potassium sulfate dosage was 450kg/hm2. High potassium fertilization is of great help to the accumulation of water extracts from the stems and leaves of Houttuynia, and can also increase the content of rhizome protein and cellulose, fat and water-soluble sugar at around 225-450kg/hm2 is better.
Key words:Houttuynia; Potash; Yield; Quality
魚腥草(Houttuynia cordata Thumb)为三白草科蕺菜属植物蕺菜的新鲜全草或干燥地上部分,喜阴,多生长于山谷阴凉处,由于其叶片捣碎有腥味儿,俗称鱼腥草[1]。鱼腥草是一种具有清热解毒、利尿通淋的传统药用作物,是我国中部、东南及西南各省的特色野菜资源[2-4]。目前,鱼腥草已经被国家卫生部确定为“既是药品,又是食品”[5]的野生蔬菜,具有较为广阔的应用及开发前景。近年来,由于鱼腥草相关的产品的不断开发,市场对鱼腥草的需求急剧增加,仅仅依靠采挖野生资源已经不能满足市场需求,因而鱼腥草的人工栽培亟待研究。
肥料是影响作物生长发育重要的因素之一,合理施肥不但能提高作物产量,还能改善品质[6]。为此,本试验通过设置不同的钾肥用量,探讨不同钾肥用量对鱼腥草产量和品质的影响,旨在探讨适宜鱼腥草生长发育的最适钾肥施用量,为人工栽培鱼腥草提供理论依据。
1 材料及方法……p>