2019 Nobel Prize Winners in Chemistry 2019年诺贝尔化学奖获得者

Maria Temming, Jonathan Lambert 陈延洲

These three scientists， John B. Goodenough， M. Stanley Whittingham and Akira Yoshino （from left）， have won the 2019 Nobel Prize in chemistry for their work on lithium-ion batteries1.

这三位科学家，约翰·古迪纳夫、斯坦利·维丁汉姆和吉野彰（左起）因在锂离子电池方面的研究获得了2019年诺贝尔化学奖。

Alessandro Volta demonstrated2 the first electric battery in 1800. Since then， scientists have been working to build better ones. Todays winners were honored for pioneering the lithium-ion battery. Lightweight and rechargeable， these batteries can be found in everything from portable electronics to electric cars and bicycles. They also provide a way to store energy from renewable energy sources （such as sunlight and wind）.

亚历山德罗·沃尔塔在1800年展示了世界上第一块电池。从那以后，科学家们一直致力于制造出更好的电池。这次的（诺贝尔化学奖）获奖者因研发了锂离子电池而受到表彰。这些轻巧、可充电的电池被广泛应用在便携式电子产品以及电动汽车和自行车上。它们还提供了一种储存可再生能源（如光能和风能）的方法。

The winners include John B. Goodenough at the University of Texas at Austin. At 97， he is the oldest person to ever receive a Nobel. The other winners are M. Stanley Whittingham and Akira Yoshino. Whittingham works at Binghamton University in New York. Yoshiro works in Japan at Asahi Kasei Corporation in Tokyo and Meijo University in Nagoya.

获奖者包括美国得克萨斯大学奥斯汀校区的约翰·古迪纳夫。约翰·古迪纳夫现年97歲，是迄今为止最大年龄的诺贝尔奖获得者。其他两名获奖者分别是斯坦利·维丁汉姆和吉野彰。维丁汉姆任教于纽约州宾汉姆顿大学。吉野彰任职于日本东京的旭化成公司和名古屋的名城大学。

All three will receive a medal and together share the prize of 9 million Swedish kronor （about $900，000）.

三位获奖者各将获得一枚奖章，并平分900万瑞典克朗（约合90万美元）的奖金。

Chemist Olof Ramstr■m works at the University of Massachusetts Lowell. He also is a member of the 2019 Nobel Committee3 for chemistry. He said， “This battery has had a dramatic impact on our society. Its clear that the discoveries of our three laureates4 really made this possible.”

化学家奥洛夫·拉姆斯特罗任职于马萨诸塞大学洛威尔分校。他也是2019年诺贝尔化学奖委员会成员之一。他说，“这种电池对我们的社会产生了巨大的影响。很明显，我们的三位获奖者的发现确实做到了这一点。”

In the 1970s， Whittingham began experimenting with lithium5 for his anode6. It did not weigh much and easily released electrons7 and lithium ions8. Whittingham used this design for the first lithium battery.

上世纪70年代，维丁汉姆开始实验用锂做阳极。它重量不大，很容易地释放出电子和锂离子。维丁汉姆将这种设计用于第一块锂电池。

Goodenough tried to improve on Whittinghams design over the next decade. Goodenoughs innovation9 doubled voltage. Thats about what it takes to power a modern smartphone.

古迪纳夫在接下来的十年里试着改进维丁汉姆的设计。古迪纳夫的革新使得电池电压翻倍。这为现代智能手机提供了动力。……