房一明 初众 谷风林 贺书珍 赖剑雄



摘 要:本研究采用响应面分析法确定海南可可豆中原花青素提取的最佳工艺条件,对提取得率的影响因素进行单因素分析后,探讨料液比、乙醇浓度、提取时间和温度间的显著性影响和交互作用。结果表明:可可原花青素的最优提取工艺条件为乙醇浓度67%、料液比1∶20(g/mL)、提取时间88 min、提取温度76 ℃。此工艺条件下,可可原花青素提取得率为6.21%。此结果为海南可可豆的开发利用提供基础理论依据。
关键词:可可;原花青素;提取得率;响应面分析法
中图分类号:S571.3 文献标识码:A
Abstract: The extraction of procyanidin from the cocoa beans of Hainan was investigated by the response surface methodology. Single experiments were used to explore the effects of material-to-liquid ratio, extraction concentration, extraction times and extraction temperature on the yield of procyanidin. Based on the analysis of significance and interaction among different factors, the optimal condition of extraction technology was obtained as followed: solvent concentration 67%, material-to-liquid ratio 1∶20 (g/mL), time 88 min and temperature 76 ℃. The extraction rate of procyanidin of the optimized procedure reached 6.21%. The results provide a theoretical basis for the exploitation and utilization of cocoa beans in hainan.
Keywords: cocoa beans; procyanidin; extraction rate; response surface methodology
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.04.020
可可为热带地区重要的经济作物,因其独特的风味和营养价值,被广泛应用于巧克力、固体饮料、休闲食品、医药品、化妆品等领域[1]。近年来,国内外对可可的相关研究主要集中在可可豆中的多酚类物质。研究结果表明,可可豆是一种富含多酚类物质的食品来源,其具有极强的抗氧化活性,能有效地清除羟自由基(?OH)和超氧阴离子自由基(O2??),有效地抑制脂质氧化[2]。
可可豆中富含多酚类物质,其可以进一步分类为类黄酮,并且这些类黄酮中含有丰富的原花青素[3]。在可可豆中最常见的类黄酮是黄烷-3-醇、儿茶素、表儿茶素和原花青素,其中原花青素含量较高。黄酮类化合物是可可豆中重要的组成成分,其能够提供潜在的心血管健康益处,有助于平衡体内胆固醇,具有抗氧化作用[4]。虽然已知可可豆中含有多酚类化合物,但总含量因原产国、加工方式等不同而异。……