马彦 李军伟 王琳 阚辉玉 孙宾宾 王冬



摘 要: 为了解决当永磁同步电机在运行中受到扰动、系统状态突变时,传统的无迹卡尔曼滤波算法对转子位置的跟踪能力下降、估计精度降低,甚至会使滤波器发散等问题,文中采用基于两相静止坐标系的内置式永磁同步电机数学模型的强跟踪无迹卡尔曼滤波算法,研究了在经典的无迹卡尔曼滤波的基础上引入强跟踪滤波器,既保留了经典的无迹卡尔曼滤波算法的优点,又能改善无迹卡尔曼滤波算法对状态突变鲁棒性的控制。仿真和实验结果表明,当永磁同步电机运行在中高速区域时,强跟踪无迹卡尔曼滤波算法可以快速准确地跟踪转子位置,估计误差低于经典的无迹卡尔曼滤波算法。
关键词: 电动汽车; 内置式永磁同步电机; 转子位置估计; 强跟踪滤波; 强跟踪无迹卡尔曼滤波; 实验验证
中图分类号: TN99?34; TM301.2 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2020)13?0130?04
IPMSM′s rotor position estimation based on STUKF
MA Yan1, LI Junwei1, WANG Lin1, KAN Huiyu1, SUN Binbin1, WANG Dong2
(1. School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China;
2. Beijing Qianqin Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100190, China)
Abstract: When the permanent magnet synchronous motor is disturbed during operation and the system is in a state of sudden change, the tracking ability and estimation accuracy of the conventional unscented Kalman filter (UKF) algorithm for the rotor position are reduced, and the filter is even diverged. For this reason, the STUKF (strong tracking UKF) algorithm which is based on the IPMSM(interior permanent magnet synchronous motor) mathematical model of two?phase stationary coordinate system is adopted. In the proposed algorithm, a strong tracking filter is introduced on the basis of the traditional UKF, which not only retains the advantages of the traditional UKF algorithm, but also improves the control method of the traditional UKF algorithm to the robustness of status sudden change. The simulation and experimental results show that when the permanent magnet synchronous motor runs at medium and high speed, the STUKF algorithm can track the rotor position quickly and accurately, and its estimation error is lower than that of the traditional UKF algorithm.
Keywords: electric vehicle; IPMSM; rotor position estimation; strong tracking filtering; STUKF; experimental verification
0 引 言
新能源汽车电机驱动系统中,内置式永磁同步电机(Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,IPMSM)因为有着更大的扭矩惯量比、更高的功率密度而被大规模使用[1]。在永磁同步电机磁场定向控制系统中,转子永磁体的电角度是坐标变换的基准,获取高精度的永磁体电角度有利于实现IPMSM的高性能矢量控制。
为了提高电驱动系统的稳定性、增强鲁棒性,可以不使用位置传感器而采用无传感器控制方案[2],常见的电机转子位置及转速估计算法主要有基于基波模型的扩展卡尔曼滤波(Extended Kalman Filter,EKF)算法等[3?4]。EKF是线性的卡尔曼滤波(Kalman Filter,KF)在非线性域的延展,在非线性化程度不高的系统中有较好的效果[5],但实际上,EKF算法计算较复杂,并存在滤波器不稳定的情况。……