徐拥军 张丹
摘 要:受新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情影响,2020年东京奥运会延期举办。重大公共卫生事件已经成为影响奥运会举办的重要因素。奥运会举办国在筹办奥运会过程中加强对重大公共卫生事件的监督与防控具有实践意义和理论意义。选取部分届次奥运会作为研究样本,对其重大公共卫生事件应对措施进行分析,主要包括:加强重大公共卫生事件风险评估;加强重大公共卫生事件的网络监控系统建设;加强奥运会举办城市的环境治理;对重大公共卫生事件采取多部门协同联动防控;加强与国际组织合作防控重大公共卫生事件。基于以上,对中国2022年将举办的第24届冬季奥林匹克运动会加强重大公共卫生事件监督与防控提出建议。
关键词:2022年北京冬奥会;公共卫生;重大公共卫生事件;应急管控
中图分类号:G 811.21 学科代码:040301 文献标识码:A
Abstract:The 2020 Tokyo Olympics have been postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health emergencies have become an important factor affecting the successful hosting of the Olympic Games. It is of practical and theoretical significance for the host countries to strengthen the supervision, prevention and control of major public health emergencies in the process of preparing for the Olympic Games. The author selected and analyzed the experience of public health emergency management of some Olympic Games, including: attaching great importance to risk assessment of public health management; strengthening the construction of network monitoring system for major public health emergencies; enhancing environmental protection in the host city of the Olympic Games; adopting multi-sectors collaborative linkage to manage public health emergencies; and advocating cooperation with international organizations to fight the epidemic. Based on the above, suggestions are put forward to strengthen the supervision and prevention of major public health emergencies in the 24th Winter Olympic Games to be held in 2022 in China.
Keywords: 2022 Olympic Winter Games; public health; major public health emergencies; emergency management
2020年初,新型冠狀病毒肺炎疫情蔓延,各国的各行各业受到巨大影响,许多国家的国际性体育赛事延期举办。其中,最受关注的是2020年东京奥运会。据有关资料显示,2020年东京奥运会延期举办产生的总费用约在141亿元至424亿元之间[1]。因受突发重大公共卫生事件影响而延期举办的奥运会至今除2020年东京奥运会之外尚未有之,这对未来举办奥运会的国家具有警示意义。奥运会举办国在筹办奥运会过程中加强对重大公共卫生事件的监督和防控具有实践意义和理论意义。
笔者通过“万方数据知识服务平台”和“中国知网学术期刊全文数据库”检索相关主题文献共计233篇,从这233篇关于奥运会公共卫生事件应对方面的研究来看,以北京2022年冬奥会为背景的研究比较鲜见。……