巫朝银 陈桐楷 王奇



摘要 葛根素是中药葛根的活性成分之一,具有舒张血管、抗氧化、保护神经细胞及免疫调节等药理作用。但是葛根素的溶解度和生物利用度低、半衰期短。目前在临床使用的葛根素注射液、葛根素滴眼液、葛根素片等普通制剂存在需要多次、大剂量给药,此外葛根素注射液还有溶血、致敏等风险,限制了葛根素的临床应用。针对这些问题,现已开发出多种葛根素的新剂型,可提高葛根素的溶解度、生物利用度。
关键词 葛根素;制剂;纳米;缓控释;生物利用度;溶解度;进展;高分子
Research Progress of Puerarin Preparation
WU Chaoyin,CHEN Tongkai,WANG Qi
(Clinical Pharmacology Institute,Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510405,China)
Abstract Puerarin is one of the active components of Radix Pueraria with many pharmacological effects such as vasodilation,antioxidation,nerve cell protection and immune regulation etc.However,the solubility and bioavailability of puerarin are low and its half-life is short.Puerarin injection,puerarin eye drops,puerarin tablets and other common preparations in clinics need multiple and large doses.In addition,puerarin injection has the risks of hemolysis and allergic reactions,which limits the clinical application of puerarin.To solve these problems,varieties of puerarin preparations have been developed,which can improve the solubility and bioavailability of puerarin.In this paper,the preparation methods,physicochemical properties and evaluation results both in vitro and in vivo of these new preparations are introduced to provide reference for the development of new puerarin preparations.
Keywords Puerarin; Preparation; Nanometer; Sustained and controlled release; Bioavailability; Solubility; Progress; Polymer
中图分类号:R283 文献标识码:A doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2020.14.036
葛根素是豆科植物野葛 Pueraria lobate (Willd.)Ohwi或甘葛藤 Pueraria thomsonii Benth 的干燥根中的活性成分之一,是异黄酮类化合物。现代研究发现葛根素具有舒张血管、抗氧化、保护神经细胞及免疫调节的药理作用[1],临床上用于治疗心血管疾病,一些临床前研究还表明葛根素对脑缺血性再灌注损伤、神经退行性疾病等脑部疾病也有治疗作用[2-4]。但是葛根素的溶解度和生物利用度较低,在体内半衰期短,有研究者认为它是BCS Ⅳ類化合物[5]。目前上市的葛根素制剂有葛根素注射液、葛根素滴眼液、葛根素片等普通制剂,需要多次给药,且生物利用度低。葛根素注射液还存在潜在溶血、致敏等风险。因此需要开发葛根素的新型制剂以增加葛根素溶解度,延长体内的作用时间,提高生物利用度。现将从制法、体内外评价方面对近年开发的葛根素制剂作介绍,为开发新型葛根素制剂提供参考信息。……