外固定架治疗创伤骨科四肢骨折患者的临床效果及并发症发生率分析

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[摘要] 目的 探讨外固定架治疗创伤骨科四肢骨折患者的临床效果及对并发症发生率的影响。方法 于2016年1月—2019年1月，便利选择该院创伤骨科收治的80例四肢骨折患者作为研究对象，依据随机数字表法分为两组，每组40例，对照组实施切开复位内固定术治疗，观察组实施外固定架治疗，两组比较临床疗效、术后炎症因子指标、术后并发症发生率、住院时间、骨折愈合时间、生活质量评分。结果 临床总有效率观察组95.00%，与对照组80.00%相比更高（χ2=4.114，P<0.05）。术后第1～3天，观察组的C反应蛋白、降钙素原水平均低于对照组（t=5.115、4.940、4.972，4.697、4.724、4.534，P<0.05）。术后并发症总发生率观察组为2.50%，与对照组的15.00%相比更低（χ2=3.914，P<0.05）。与对照组相比，观察组的住院时间（6.87±1.41）d、骨折愈合时间（4.93±0.68）月均明顯缩短（t=4.753、4.590，P<0.05）。治疗后，两组生活质量评分与治疗前相比均明显增高，而观察组的生活质量评分与对照组相比更高（P<0.05）。结论 外固定架用于创伤骨科四肢骨折患者中具有良好的临床疗效，可减轻术后炎症反应，降低并发症发生风险，有利于缩短住院时间，提高生活质量。

[关键词] 创伤骨科;四肢骨折;外固定架;并发症

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the clinical effect of external fixation on trauma orthopedics patients with limb fractures and its effect on the incidence of complications. Methods From January 2016 to January 2019， 80 patients with extremity fractures treated in the Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics of the hospital were convenient selected as the research subjects. They were divided into two groups according to the random number table method， and 40 cases in each group. Internal fixation was performed in the control group. The observation group was treated with external fixation. The two groups compared clinical efficacy， postoperative inflammatory factor indicators， postoperative complications， hospitalization time， fracture healing time， and quality of life scores. Results The total clinical effective rate was 95.00% in the observation group， which was higher than the 80.00% in the control group （χ2=4.114， P<0.05）. On the 1st to 3rd day after surgery， the levels of C-reactive protein and calcitonin in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （t=5.115， 4.940， 4.972， 4.697， 4.724， 4.534， P<0.05）. The total incidence of postoperative complications was 2.50% in the observation group， which was lower than the 15.00% in the control group（χ2=3.914， P<0.05）. Compared with the control group， the length of hospital stay （6.87±1.41）d  and fracture healing time （4.93±0.68）months  in the observation group were significantly shorter（t=4.753， 4.590， P<0.05）. After treatment， the quality of life scores in both groups were significantly higher than before treatment， while the quality of life scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion The external fixator has good clinical effect in patients with trauma orthopedic limb fractures. It can reduce postoperative inflammation， reduce the risk of complications， and help shorten the length of hospital stay and improve the quality of life.

[Key words] Traumatology and Orthopaedics; Limb Fracture; External Fixator; Complications

四肢骨折主要是由高能量机械性创伤所致，多发部位为胫骨、桡骨等，患者骨折后往往伴随有骨块缺失情况，还可能会出现骨折不愈合、骨折愈合畸形等情况，导致肢体功能受限，对患者的日常生活造成严重影响[1-2]，故临床需对四肢骨折予以积极治疗，以促进患者骨折愈合，尽可能恢复肢体功能。以往，临床上针对四肢骨折患者多采取切开复位内固定术治疗，可对骨折断端进行有效复位和固定，但手术创伤严重，术后患者易并发切口感染等并发症，对患者术后骨折愈合进展较为不利[3]。近年来，外固定架治疗由于具备创伤小、骨折愈合速度快、并发症风险低等优势，被逐渐用于创伤骨科治疗中，该研究为探讨外固定架治疗创伤骨科四肢骨折患者的临床效果，便利选择2016年1月—2019年1月该院创伤骨科80例四肢骨折患者进行分组对照研究，分别实施切开复位内固定术、外固定架治疗，并比较治疗转归情况。……