叶显甲 王海伶



摘 要:随着经济的发展人们在室内活动的时间越来越长,室内空气质量逐渐成为人们关注的焦点问题。文章对国内室内空气监测领域的专利情况进行了分析研究,主要包括申请年趋势、申请人情况、技术领域分布情况及主要的5种监测因子等方面的分析,并得出结论。我国室内空气监测专利出现较晚,数量总体上逐年呈现增长趋势,以实用新型和发明专利为主;申请人以企业为主;申请的专利主要集中在室内空气的测量和测试等技术领域,甲醛监测技术是室内空气监测技术领域的研发热点,对氡监测技术研究较少。
关键词:室内空气;监测;甲醛;苯;专利分析
中图分类号:T-18 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2095-2945(2020)24-0016-04
Abstract: With the development of economy, people spend more and more time indoors. Therefore, indoor air quality has gradually become the focus of public concern. This paper analyzes and studies the patents in the field of domestic indoor air testing, including the analyses of application trends, applicant status, technical fields, as well as the main five detection factors. The conclusions are as follows: China's patent of indoor air testing technology appeared relatively late, with the number showing an increasing trend year by year; mainly utility model patents and invention patents; patent applicants are mainly companies; and the patents applied for are mainly in technical areas such as indoor air measuring and testing, with formaldehyde detection technology as a research hotspot, while radon detection technology is less studied.
Keywords: indoor air; testing; formaldehyde; benzene; patent analysis
前言
随着我国经济社会的高度发展,人们对保护环境和自身健康的意识逐渐加强,迫使人们对于经济发展过程中出现的环境问题提出了更高的要求,特别是针对室内空气环境污染,因为目前人们大部分的时间都是在室内活动,所以室内空气环境的优劣直接影响着人们的身体健康[1]。室内环境污染物是指室内存在有害于人体健康的气体或其他物质,包括了室内悬浮颗粒以及气态污染源两种。悬浮颗粒物包括粉尘、纤维、细菌和病毒等,会随着呼吸进入呼吸道和肺泡,造成免疫系统的负担,危害身体的健康;气态污染源包括一氧化碳、二氧化碳、甲醛及有机蒸汽等等[2]。近几年,随着家庭装修模式的多元化和设计风格的个性化,导致市场上出现各种各样的装修建材,而其中大量的装修装饰材料化学物质严重超标,长久使用会产生甲醛、苯、铅化合物等对人体有害的物质[3-4]。……