某型机飞控系统“双通道故障”、俯仰方向振荡问题分析与定位研究

李艺海 巩鹏潇 方自力

摘  要：某型机在左转弯下降高度过程中突发飞控系统“双通道故障”，飞行员在改平姿态过程中飞机出现了俯仰方向增幅振荡现象，飞参数据显示飞机瞬时负过载超出该机限制值。针对此次事件，文章通过分析飞参数据，并开展地面试验对飞机故障进行了定位分析。结合仿真手段，对故障期间飞机的飞行品质进行了评估，对故障期间飞机出现俯仰振荡现象给出了合理的解释。文章的研究分析方法对类似飞行故障原因的定位分析具有一定的借鉴意义。

关键词：飞控系统故障;俯仰振荡;低阶等效拟配

中图分类号：V249.1 文献标志码：A         文章编号：2095-2945（2020）24-0057-03

Abstract： In the process of turning left to descend altitude， the flight control system of a certain type of aircraft suddenly suffered a "double channel failure". During the process of leveling attitude， the phenomenon of increasing oscillation happened to the pilot in the pitching direction， and the flight parameter data showed that the instantaneous overload of the aircraft exceeded the limit value of the aircraft. Aiming at this incident， the aircraft fault location analysis is carried out by analyzing the flight parameter data and conducting the ground test. Combined with the means of simulation， the flight quality of the aircraft during the fault is evaluated， and a reasonable explanation for the pitching oscillation of the aircraft during the fault is given. The research and analysis method of this paper has a certain reference significance for the location and analysis of similar flight fault causes.

Keywords： flight control system failure; pitching oscillation; low-order equivalent matching

引言

某型機在左转弯下降高度过程中，在气压高度约5800m时飞控系统突发“双通道故障”（B、C通道）。飞行员改平飞机过程中飞机出现急剧的俯仰增幅振荡现象，飞参数据显示瞬时负过载超出了飞机的负过载限制。飞行员操纵飞机改出了振荡状态，并复位了故障，飞机安全返场着陆。

针对此次事故，本文通过分析飞参数据，并开展飞控系统相关设备地面试验，确定了故障是由于飞控系统两个通道俯仰角速度传感器发生故障引起的。最后，通过仿真手段对故障时飞机的飞行品质进行了评估，结果显示故障时飞机的飞行品质急剧下降，飞机极易发生俯仰振荡现象。

1 故障定位分析

1.1 飞参数据分析

图1为飞机发生故障时飞行状态参数的时间历程曲线。故障发生时刻飞机高速速度为：气压高度5800m、校正空速600km/h。……