王协庭



摘 要:为了校核某皮卡仪表板的性能,首先采用有限元方法建立其离散化模型,然后对其进行刚度性能分析,分析结果表明其最大变形均小于目标值,其最大应力也低于材料屈服,满足刚度特性要求。最后对其进行模态分析,分析结果表明其前三阶固有频率处于外界激励频率范圍之外,满足振动特性要求。
关键词:仪表板;有限元;刚度;模态
中图分类号:U463.7 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1671-7988(2020)14-82-03
Abstract: Aiming at checking the performance of a pickup instrument panel. Firstly, the discretization model was established by adopting finite element method. Secondly, it was stiffness performance analyzed, the analysised result showed that its maximum deformation was less than the target value, and its maximum stress was also lower than the yield of the material, so it could meet stiffness characteristic requirements. Lastly, it was modal performance analyzed, the analysised result showed that its first three natural frequencies were outside the range of external excitation frequencies, so it could meet vibration characteristic requirements.
Keywords: Instrument panel; Finite element; Stiffness; Modal
CLC NO.: U463.7 Document Code: A Article ID: 1671-7988(2020)14-82-03
1 引言
仪表板是汽车内饰系统中十分重要而又独立的部件,其内部结构相对比较复杂,并且许多电子器件通过卡扣安装在仪表板上,其集功能性、美观性和舒适性与一体,因此仪表板的各项静动态性能直接影响整车的舒适性和安全性。若仪表板的刚度性能不足,容易引起其强度失效,从而减小其使用寿命。同时当车辆行驶在路面时,将受到不同的外界激励,主要包括路面激励和发动机激励等,当仪表板的固有频率与外界激励频率接近时,则发生共振,从而产生不同程度的噪声,降低汽车的舒适性,甚至引起疲劳损坏。因此有必要对新开发的仪表板进行性能校核,提取识别其风险。为了获取某皮卡新型仪表板的性能,首先采用有限元方法建立其离散化模型,再对其刚度性能分析,获取其各个位置的变形量,最后对其进行模态性能分析,获取其前三阶频率。
2 有限元分析理论
有限元分析的思想是将系统连续的区域离散划分为有限个集合体……