论脾主统血与动脉粥样硬化

郭宇鹏 刘子怡 李金双

摘要：动脉粥样硬化是因动脉粥样硬化性斑块在血管内形成进而引发的一种累及全身各动脉血管的增生性、退行性和炎性病变。随着时代的发展，生活水平的不断提高，人们过食肥甘厚味、吸烟酗酒等，导致动脉粥样硬化的发病率逐年上升，它已经成为严重危害人类健康的疾病之一。中醫认为动脉粥样硬化与“脉痹”有相通之处，均病在血脉。中医“脾”具有生血、统血的生理功能，它与动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展密切相关。笔者以AS与“脾主统血”的相关性研究为切入点，主要探讨“脾主统血”的生理、病理与动脉粥样硬化的关系，以及采用中医药方法防治动脉粥样硬化，为临床治疗提供理论依据。

关键词：脾主统血;动脉粥样硬化;中医药

【Abstract】Atherosclerosis is a proliferative，degenerative and inflammatory lesion involving arterial blood vessels of the whole body caused by the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in blood vessels. With the development of the times and the continuous improvement of living standards，people eat fatter and rich-flavored food，smoke and drink excessively，which has caused the incidence of atherosclerosis to increase year by year and has become one of the diseases that seriously endanger human health. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that atherosclerosis and the “pulse paralysis” have similarities，all of which are in the blood. The “spleen” in the traditional Chinese medicine has the physiological functions of blood production and blood governance，which is closely related to the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. By taking the correlation between AS and the “Spleen Governing Blood” as the starting point，the author mainly explores the relationship between the physiology and pathology and atherosclerosis of “Spleen Governing Blood”，and use traditional Chinese medicine method to prevent and treat atherosclerosis so to provide theoretical basis for clinical treatment.

【Key words】Spleen Governing Blood，atherosclerosis，traditional Chinese medicine

动脉粥样硬化（atherosclerosis，AS）是一种累及人体动脉的增生性，退行性和炎性病变，由血管中动脉粥样硬化斑块（atheroscleroticplapue，AP）的形成引起，主要累及人体的主动脉、脑动脉及冠状动脉等较大的动脉血管。AS的成因涉及到诸多因素，动脉血管在多种危险因素如吸烟、高脂饮食、高血压、高血脂、肥胖等情况作用下，管壁增厚、失去弹性，内膜下出现类脂质沉着，平滑肌细胞进行增殖，逐步发展形成AP，进而引发AS。这些因素使AS的发病率明显增高，当消除这些因素时，疾病发病率随之下降，且具有普遍性、可重复性和量效关系的特点[1]。现代医学主要采抗氧化应激、调脂及取抗凝等方法，如应用他汀类药物、阿司匹林等防治AS及相关疾病，虽在临床上取得了一定成效，但很难从根本上预防AS的发生发展，且治疗费用高昂，并存在如消化道出血、肝功能受损等潜在风险，制约着其在临床上的普及应用。……