李吉明 庄怀鹏 刘亚楠



摘 要:为了解决目前新戊二醇反应废水量大问题,采用异丁醛、甲醛为原料在高压釜内,在三乙胺催化下缩合合成了羟基新戊醛,进一步在钯碳催化下,与氢气、甲醇反应一锅法合成了新戊二醇(NPG),系统地研究了不同反应条件对新戊二醇收率和选择性的影响。结果表明最佳缩合工艺条件为:n(异丁醛)∶n(甲醛)=1∶1.05,三乙胺加入量7%,反应温度60 ℃,反应时间5 h;最佳加氢工艺条件为:反应压力4 MPa,反应温度95 ℃,反应时间4 h时,NPG收率为94.6%,NPG选择性为94.7%。本工艺路线合成新戊二醇废水量是传统歧化法路线废水量1/3左右,具有工业化前景。
关 键 词:新戊二醇;加氢;一锅法
中图分类号:TQ037 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1671-0460(2020)06-1031-04
One-pot Synthesis of Neopentyl Glycol by Green Hydrogenation Process
LI Ji-ming1, ZHUANG Huai-peng2, LIU Ya-nan3
(1. Shandong Binzhou Top Chemical Engineering Co., Ltd., Binzhou Shandong 256600, China;
2. Binzhou Emergency Management Integrated Service Center, Binzhou Shandong 256600, China;
3. Binzhou Administrative Examination and Approval Service Bureau, Binzhou Shandong 256600, China)
Abstract: In order to solve the problem of producing large amount of wastewater in synthesis of neopentyl glycol by current process, using isobutyl aldehyde and formaldehyde as raw materials, hydroxypivalaldehyde was synthesized in the autoclave by condensation reaction with triethylamine as catalyst, and then the hydroxypivalaldehyde reacted with hydrogen and methanol to synthesize neopentyl glycol by one pot method with palladium-carbon catalyst. The effect of different reaction conditions on the yield and selectivity of neopentyl glycol was studied. The results showed that the optimum condensation conditions were as follows : n(isobutyraldehyde)∶n(formaldehyde )= 1∶1.05, triethylamine dosage 7% , the reaction temperature 60 ℃, and the reaction time 5 h. The optimal hydrogenation process conditions were as follows: the reaction pressure 4 MPa, the reaction temperature 95℃, the reaction time 4 h. Under above conditions, the yield of NPG was 94.6%, the selectivity of NPG was 94.7%.The amount of wastewater from the synthesis of neopentyl glycol was about one third of that from the traditional disproportionation method.
Key words: neopentyl glycol; hydrogenation; one-pot method
新戊二醇(NPG)由于其結构上中心碳原子连接四个碳原子,没有α氢原子,下游产品具有较好的化学稳定性和热稳定性[1],是一种重要的精细化工中间体,广泛应用于增塑剂、高分子材料、润滑剂、粘合剂、医药、农药、香料等领域[2-8]。近年来全球新戊二醇需求量呈现出逐年递增的趋势,供不应求,2007年,全球新戊二醇年需求量为47万t;2018年增长为约140万t;随着高分子聚酯树脂、涂料等材料领域的不断发展,新戊二醇的需求量也在不断攀升[9]。
目前,新戊二醇的合成方法主要包括卤代丙醇法、异丁醛、加氢法[10-14]。卤代甲醇法是采用2,2-二甲基-3-氯代丙醇为原料,在碱性条件下环合生成醚,在水解为新戊二醇,该路线原料成本较高,目前极少厂家采用此技术合成新戊二醇。异丁醛法是目前各厂家广泛使用的方法,以异丁醛、甲醛为原料,在碱催化下得到羟基新戊醛(HPA),进一步与甲醛在高压条件下与强碱作用生成新戊二醇。……