40臂测井融合电磁探伤识别井套变形和损伤

张垒

摘  要：油井的套管损伤、套管变形是一个众多油气企业都可能面对的核心工作难点，套管损伤、套管变形对于石油流体层和打井作业安全性均有显著制约作用。现阶段检查套管损伤、套管变形的常规手段有油井井径测井、电磁波探测用测井等方法。油井井径测井只能体现套管内径厚度波动，并且仅能探测单层管壁，另一方面，电磁波探测测井尽管可以探测双层乃至很多层管壁，不过该方法显示出来的壁厚是套杆的加权平均壁厚值，不能确定套损种类和位置。把40臂油井井径测井和电磁波探测配合使用，不但可以确定套损套变产生的位置、种类，并且能准确定位方向，达到精准捕捉套损套变的效果。

关键词：套管损伤、套管变形;40臂;电磁波探测;套管壁厚

中图分类号：P631.83 文献标志码：A         文章编号：2095-2945（2020）25-0126-02

Abstract： Casing damage and casing deformation are the core difficulties facing many oil and gas enterprises. Casing damage and casing deformation significantly restrict the safety of oil fluid layer and drilling operation. At present， the conventional methods used to check casing damage and casing deformation are oil well diameter logging， electromagnetic wave detection logging and so on. Oil well caliper logging can only reflect the fluctuation of casing inner diameter and thickness， and can only detect single-layer pipe wall. On the other hand， although electromagnetic wave detection logging can detect double-layer or even many layers of pipe walls. However， the wall thickness shown by this method is the weighted average wall thickness of the casing rod， and the type and location of casing damage can not be determined. The combination of 40-arm oil well caliper logging and electromagnetic wave detection cannot only determine the location and type of casing damage， but also accurately locate the direction， and achieve the effect of accurately capturing casing damage.

Keywords： casing damage， casing deformation; 40 arms; electromagnetic wave detection; casing wall thickness

引言

套筒打井是最常規的打井方案，因为油井内部状态复杂多变，套筒一般工作一定年限后可能产生若干种类的破坏乃至失效现象。引起套杆损伤的因素一般有机械磨损和化学腐蚀性损害[1-2]。套筒失效首先干扰了油井的正常生产作业，降低了作业效率。其次套管变形可能引起油井之间、石油流体层之间压强平衡体系产生变化，这样操作会令开采区域岩石层体系发生比较大的变动，严重的情形甚至可能损害全部油气田资源的后续开采规划，故此套管损伤、套管变形实时监控就显得非常棘手。40臂油井井径测井和电磁波探测测井工艺方法是目前常用的两类油井套管损伤、套管变形检查解决方案。……