颜廷冰 朱英伟 徐涛

摘 要:随着我国经济的不断增长以及对冰雪产业政策的落实,尤其是成功申报冬奥会对我国的冰雪产业的发展起到了前所未有的帮助。近年来,我国的滑雪场数量、滑雪人数都保持快速增长的态势,冬季旅游中冰雪旅游已成为中国北方城市的重要旅游资源和核心支柱。但我国的冰雪产业发展也面临着许多的问题,例如:滑雪场数量以及滑雪人数不足、我国滑雪场核心竞争力不足、冰雪文化普及不足、装备制造业创新力不够、冰雪赛事少及媒体传播不积极等一系列的问题。结合问题,总结外国发展经验,探索符合中国国情的发展之路。
关键词:冰雪产业 冬奥会 滑雪场 冰雪文化
中图分类号:F592.7 文献标识码:A 文章编号:2095-2813(2020)07(b)-0233-04
Abstract: With the continuous growth of China's economy and the implementation of policies on the ice and snow industry, especially the successful application for the winter Olympic Games has played an unprecedented role in the development of China's ice and snow industry. In recent years, both the number of ski resorts and the number of skiers in China have maintained a rapid growth. In winter tourism, snow and ice tourism has become an important tourism resource and core pillar in northern cities of China. However, the development of China's ice and snow industry is also facing many problems, such as: the number of ski resorts and the insufficient number of skiers, the lack of core competitiveness of China's ski resorts, the lack of popularization of ice and snow culture, the lack of innovation of equipment manufacturing industry, the lack of ice and snow events and the lack of active media communication and so on. In light of the problems, we will summarize the development experience of other countries and explore the development path that suits China's national conditions.
Key Words: Snow and ice industry; Winter Olympics; Ski resort; Snow and ice culture
19世纪50年代至20世纪20年代是冰雪产业的发源期。冰雪产业在阿尔卑斯山这块得天独厚的地区起步并逐渐扩散到欧美地区。亚洲最早是在二战前在日本开始的,并在20世纪70年代达到顶峰,我国也是在1996年才开始迅速发展冰雪产业的[1]。
1 国内外冰雪产业发展
1.1 国外冰雪产业的发展
冰雪产业在欧美发起较早,发展完善,已经建立起比较完善的产业体系。第一届冬奥会之后,欧美政府非常重视冰雪产业的发展,开始投入大量的财力、物力、发展冰雪产业。欧洲政府实行山区振兴计划,在各大山区建立滑雪场并且给予极大的政策扶持,将冰雪产业视为主导产业。瑞士作为冬季旅游的发源地,国内有拥有世界上最长、最具挑战力的雪道,许多滑雪坡道长达16km,高差2000m[2]。……