如何写好句子

郭善斌

选择好的词汇后，组词成句是十分关键的一步。句子是文章的基础，写好句子十分重要。下面笔者就以学生写的一篇短文为例进行剖析，来谈一谈如何写好句子。

My school life

I still remember the day when I first went to school at the age of seven， happy and excited. I thought everything at school was so wonderful that the school was simply a beautiful garden. My childhood dream had come true.

How time flies！ Now I has been at school for ten years. Every morning I get up early. On his way to school， the rising sun greets me with a smile. In class I enjoy reading aloud， answer questions and listening to the teachers. In the evening， a lot of homework is done， feeling like a farmer working hard in his fields， expect to have a good harvest. Our school has a basketball centre， where I often play basketball with my classmates in PE classes.

We had many subjects to learn. So we very busy. During breaks， I often go for a rest in front of the classroom building， I talking with my friends or I looking into the distance. The blue sky， the white clouds， the flying birds， around me all the things make me happy. What a happy life we have at school！ Never will I forget my school life.

一、完整性

1.句子成分要齐全

在英语中，主语和谓语是构成句子的必要成分，二者缺一不可。但是在汉语中，有些句子可以没有主语或谓语。因此受母语的影响，中国学生往往会写出没有主语或谓语的英语句子。

在第三段第二个句子“So we very busy.”中，“we” 和 “very”之间缺少谓语“are”。

2. 句意的完整性

一个完整的句子表达单一的完整的意思。它不包含并不紧密相关的意思，也不表达本身不完整的意思。

在第一段第一个句子“I still remember the day when I first went to school at the age of seven， happy and excited.”中，如果去掉定语从句“when I first went to school at the age of seven， happy and excited”，主句“I still remember the day”的意思就不完整了。

二、一致性

一致性指的是句子前后之间要有照应、有衔接;思想的表达应该是有序的、清楚的;句子与句子之间的过渡要符合逻辑，不能造成歧义或矛盾。一致性表现在以下几个方面：

1. 主谓要一致：谓语在人称和数上要与主语保持一致。

在第二段第二个句子“Now I has been at school for nine years”中，谓语“has”与主语 “I”在人称和数上没有保持一致，应改为“have”。

2. 平行结构中的成分要一致

为了使句子前后保持平衡和协调，句中的并列成分应在形式上保持一致。

在第二段第五个句子“In class I enjoy reading aloud， answer questions and listening to the teachers.”中，“enjoy” 后应接动名词，所以“answer questions” 没有与“reading aloud， listening to the teachers”在形式上保持一致，应改为“answering questions”。

3. 代词使用的一致性

代词与其所代替或修飾的名词应在人称、性别和数上保持一致;代词指代要清楚。

在第二段第四个句子“On his way to school， the rising sun greets me with a smile.”中，“his”应改为“my”，因为这篇短文说的是作者“我”的学校生活，并以第一人称写的。……