甘草黄芪党参在甘肃的气候适应性及种植区域评述

张玲

摘要：确定了甘肃省甘草、黄芪、党参3种中药材适宜生长的生态气候指标，分析了气候变化对几种中药材生育和产量的影响，确定了上述中药材在甘肃省的适宜种植气候区。

关键词：中药材;生态气候指标;适宜气候区;气候变化;甘肃省

中图分类号：S567        文献标志码：A       文章编号：1001-1463（2020）05-0050-06

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2020.05.014

Effect of PEG-6000 Simulated Drought Stress on Germination of Colored Cotton Seed

ZHANG Minmin，PEI Huaidi，LIU Xinxing

（Institute of Biotechnology， Gansu Academy of Agriculture Sciences， Lanzhou Gansu，730070， China）

Abstract：Two colored cotton cultivars BC05 and Longlümian 3 were used as experimental materials， and PEG-6000 of different concentrations was used to simulate drought conditions. The response and drought resistance of colored cotton seeds to drought stress during germination were studied， to study the response and the analysis of drought resistance of colored cotton seeds to drought stress during the germination. The results showed that the low concentration of PEG-6000 had no significant effect on the germination potential and germination rate of cotton seeds; But with the increase of PEG-6000 concentration， the germination potential， germination rate were all showed a downward trend germination of seeds was inhibited. When PEG-6000 concentration was 30%， the germination of cottoned seeds was completely inhibited.

Key words：Colored cotton;Seed germination;PEG-6000 stress

甘肃省由于特殊的地理位置和地形地貌特征，具有经纬度跨度大，海拔高度相差悬殊的特点，气候类型多样，气候资源丰富，为多种名特优中药材生长发育提供了良好的生态环境条件。2018年全省中药材种植面积30.7万hm2，中药材产量1.2×105万kg。甘草、黄芪、党参等种植面积已具一定规模，成为地方发展经济、农民增收致富的支柱产业。以往的研究侧重于栽培、管理技术等方面[1 - 3 ]，近年来对气候变化带来的生态环境变化、生产方式转变及农业种植结构优化调整需要，对中药材气候生态适应性方面的研究逐渐增多[4 - 10 ]。为了满足农业产业发展需求，我们依据研究成果对甘草、黄芪、党参的生态气候特性和气候适宜区进行简要分析，为种植户进一步了解甘肃省中藥材优质气候资源和区域，扩大种植规模、增加产量、提高品质提供参考。

1   甘草

1.1   属性及生理生态特性

甘草（Glycyrrhiza uralensis）为多年生草本豆科植物，为常用大宗药材，根茎能治疗各种疾病，有“十方九草”之美誉，被大量用于临床配方。不仅具有抗消化道溃疡、保肝、抗艾滋病毒、止咳化痰、抗肿瘤、抗衰老、解毒、利尿和双向调节等作用，还具有补脾益气、调和药性等功效[11 - 13 ]。……