张小琴 覃仙凤



摘要 为研究重金属Cu2+对棘腹蛙蝌蚪的急性毒性效应,通过单一变量急性毒性试验研究其在室内条件(温度16~20 ℃、湿度885%左右)对棘腹蛙蝌蚪的毒性效应。结果表明:根据寇氏法原理,得到Cu2+对2月龄棘腹蛙蝌蚪在24、48、72、96 h时的半致死浓度(LC50)分别为1.160、1.136、1.191和0.870 mg/L。依据安全浓度计算公式,计算出安全浓度为0.087 mg/L。根据毒性评价标准,比较了Cu2+对不同种类蝌蚪的毒性程度,发现棘腹蛙蝌蚪的耐受性较弱。该研究可为水环境监测以及其他相关重金属离子的毒性研究提供参考,为更好地保护棘腹蛙蝌蚪提供基础数据材料。
关键词 Cu2+;棘腹蛙蝌蚪;急性毒性;毒性评价;半致死浓度(LC50)
中图分类号 S 917.4文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611(2020)17-0115-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.17.029
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Study on the Acute Toxicity of Copper Ions to Tadpoles of Quasipaa boulengeri
ZHANG Xiao qin, QIN Xian feng
(College of Resources and Environment, Aba Teachers University, Wenchuan,Sichuan623002)
Abstract In order to study the acute toxic effects of heavy metal Cu2+ on the tadpoles of Quasipaa boulengeri, a single variable acute toxicity test was conducted to study the toxic effects of indoor conditions (temperature 16-20 ℃, humidity 88.5%) on the tadpoles. The results showed that the semi lethal concentration (LC50) of heavy metal Cu2+ at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h were 1.160, 1.136, 1.191, 0.870 mg/L, respectively. According to the safe concentration calculation formula, the safe concentration was calculated to be 0.087 mg/L. According to the toxicity evaluation criteria, the toxicity degree of Cu2+ to different species of tadpoles was compared, and the tadpoles of Q.boulengeri were weakly tolerated. This study can provide references for water environment monitoring and other related heavy metal ion toxicity studies, and provide basic data materials for better protection of Q. boulengeri.
Key words Cu2+;Tadpoles of Quasipaa boulengeri;Acute toxicity;Toxicity evaluation;Semi lethal concentration (LC50)
由于汶川地質灾害及洪涝灾害引发化工原料泄露、环保设施破坏等环境问题,使得土壤水域中富含重金属,如Cu2+、Hg2+、Ag+等[1]。当水环境中的重金属含量超过蝌蚪的耐受程度,会对生活在汶川的两栖类动物特别是棘腹蛙蝌蚪有一定影响。棘腹蛙俗名石蛙、石鸡、梆梆鱼等,棘腹蛙在食用、药用、科研、生态环境等方面的价值极高,但最近几年人为因素及环境因素导致棘腹蛙个体数量大幅度减少,1920年确定棘腹蛙(Quasipaa boulengeri)亦称棘胸蛙(Quasipaa tibetanus),属于同物异名。棘腹蛙已经先后被列入《中国濒危物种红皮书》和《中国物种红色名录》。棘腹蛙蝌蚪皮肤渗透性强,对外界环境的毒性影响异常敏感,在这一阶段试验的最大致毒浓度与外界环境颇为相似。国内外有关重……