高矿压深井工作面卸压强度在降低工作面冲击危险性中的作用与研究

司雷 宋士康

摘  要：利用微震数据、周期来压步距等对深部高矿压回采工作面不同卸压强度卸压效果进行效果检验，采用大量微震事件，周期来压步距数据为基础，采用理论分析、数据统计、现场实践等研究手段，探寻不同卸压强度在深部高矿压矿井回采工作面生产过程中对降低工作面冲击危险性起到的关键作用，从而合理施工卸压钻孔，优化卸压参数，保证矿井安全生产。研究结果表明：工作面补强卸压区域微震释放总能量、微震频次及来压步距较常规卸压区域均有较大幅度的降低;强卸压手段能够有效的降低工作面微震事件能级与来压步距，从而一定程度上降低工作面冲击危险性。

关键词：卸压参数;微震频次;微震能量;周期来压步距

中图分类号：TD32         文献标志码：A         文章编号：2095-2945（2020）30-0072-03

Abstract： The effect of pressure relief effect of different pressure relief strength in deep high pressure mining face is tested using microseismic data and periodic pressure step distance， etc.， based on a large number of microseismic events and periodic pressure step distance data. By means of theoretical analysis， data statistics and field practice， this paper explores the key role of different pressure relief strength in reducing the impact risk of the working face in the production process of deep high pressure mining face. Thus， the pressure relief drilling is constructed reasonably， the pressure relief parameters are optimized， and the safety of mine production is ensured. The results show that the total energy released by microearthquakes， the frequency of microearthquakes and the pressure step in the reinforcement and pressure relief area of the working face are greatly lower than those in the conventional pressure relief area， and the strong pressure relief method can effectively reduce the energy level and pressure step of microseismic events in the working face， so as to reduce the impact risk of the working face to a certain extent.

Keywords： pressure relief parameters; microshock frequency; microseismic energy; periodic pressure step distance

高家堡煤矿地质储量9.74亿吨，设计可采储量4.7亿吨，主采延安组4煤层，平均煤厚9.43m。矿井地质条件复杂，具有井深水大、高地压、高地温、高瓦斯、高承压水、软岩、煤层易自燃等自然灾害。针对矿井回采工作面不同卸压方案导致矿井微震事件发生、周期来压步距、应力分布无明显规律制约生产的现状，因此探寻不同卸压强度在深部高矿压矿井回采工作面生产过程中对微震事件发生、周期来压步距、降低工作面冲击危险性起到的关键作用，从而合理施工卸压钻孔，优化卸压参数，保证矿井安全生产。

1 工作面概況

1.1 工作面位置

204工作面为二盘区第四个工作面，位于二盘区西翼。……