平板式汽车制动试验台设计

姚胜利 韦泽富 张康康 马玲玲

摘 要：针对国内现有的滚筒式汽车制动试验台静态检测，无法真实反映汽车在实际行驶过程中制动现象的局限性，设计一种制动过程与汽车实际路试时的制动过程较为接近，能反映车辆的实际制动性能的平板式汽车制动试验台。该试验台是一种动态的检测设备，不需要模拟汽车转动惯量，集侧滑与轴重检测于一体，大大提高了测试效率。本设计通过对整备质量小于3.5t的各类车型包括从A级车到E级车尺寸的研究，经过大量的计算，确定了制动检测台的整体尺寸，然后确定设备的选型及材料的选用，最后对关键部件做了刚度、强度以及挠度等的校核。制动板底部采用梯形槽定位、滚珠滑动的方式是该设计中一个创新点，是在现有的滚轮式设计上做了一定的改进。该平板式汽车制动试验台可以快速、准确地检测出整备质量小于3.5t轻型车的制动性能，精度高、可靠性高、使用方便、功能齐全，很好的实现了汽车的动态检测。

关键词：平板式;制动;动态;检测台

Abstract： Aiming at the limitation of the existing braking test bench for automobile roll brake that is statically detected and is unable to truly reflect the braking phenomenon of the car during actual driving， A braking test bench for automobile flat brake is designed to reflect the actual braking performance of the vehicle. The test bench is a dynamic testing device， which does not need to simulate the car's rotational inertia， and integrates side slip and axle weight testing， which greatly improves the testing efficiency. In this design，  through the study of the size of various types of vehicles with a curb weight of less than 3.5t， including from A-class cars to E-class cars， after a large number of calculations， the overall size of the Braking Test Bench is determined， and then suitable equipment and materials are selected Checked the stiffness， strength and deflection of key components. A highlight of the design is the use of ball sliding and trapezoidal groove positioning at the bottom of the braking test bench. The braking test bench for automobile flat brake can detect the braking performance of the vehicles with a curb weight of less than 3.5t quickly and accurately. It has high precision， high reliability， convenience， and complete functions， and can well realize the dynamic detection of the automobile.

Keywords： Plat; Brake; Dynamic; Test bench

前言

隨着我国经济的快速发展，机动车保有量迅猛增加，随之带来的交通事故也在逐年上升，道路交通安全形势十分严峻，国家当前对汽车安全性能检测十分重视，制动性能又是安全性能检测中很重要的一环。对于汽车生产部门来说，把好车辆的出厂检测这一关至关重要，同样，对于已出场的车辆要做好制动性能检测工作。

目前，国外的马哈公司、博世公司、法国的萨基姆公司、申克公司等，这些公司生产的汽车制动性能检测设备功能齐全，精度较高，不受温度的影响，耐磨度高，现代化水平很高。……