基于区块链的中俄跨境电商海关监管模式创新研究

2020-11-02 02:46:18陈奕冰周欣
对外经贸 2020年9期

陈奕冰 周欣

[摘 要]基于中俄跨境电子商务贸易成为两国新的重要经济增长点和不断繁荣的趋势,从中俄跨境电商市场发展现状、问题及趋势出发,分别以中国海关和俄罗斯联邦海关视角,梳理并分析了双方在面对跨境电商时海关监管模式的现状和困境。以优化双方海关中俄跨境电商海关模式,構建良好供应链为核心,利用区块链这一新兴技术的应用,研究并设计出基于区块链技术的中俄跨境电商海关监管模式创新系统,阐述该模型的目标、架构和优势。

[关键词]中俄跨境电子商务;区块链;中国海关;俄罗斯联邦海关

[中图分类号] F724.6             [文献标识码] A             [文章编号] 2095-3283(2020)09-0037-06

Abstract: In the face of the trend that cross-border e-commerce trade between China and Russia has become a new important economic growth point and initial prosperity of the two countries, starting from the development status, problems and trends of cross-border e-commerce market between China and Russia, respectively, from the perspective of China Customs and the customs of the Russian Federation, this paper combs and analyzes the current situation and difficulties of customs control mode in the face of cross-border e-commerce. In order to optimize the customs mode of cross-border e-commerce between China and Russia, build a good supply chain as the core, using the application of blockchain technology, this paper studies and designs the innovation system of customs supervision mode of cross-border e-commerce between China and Russia based on blockchain technology, and expounds the objectives, structure and advantages of the model in detail.

Key Words: China-Russia Cross-Border E-Commerce; Block Chains; Chinese Customs; Russian Federation Customs

跨境电子商务是指分属不同关境的交易主体,通过电子商务平台达成交易、进行支付结算,并通过跨境物流送达商品、完成交易的一种国际商业活动。其种类包括企业对企业(B2B)、企业对消费者(B2C)、消费者对消费者(C2C)。中国走在世界跨境电商发展的前列,俄罗斯也抓住机遇,加快跨境电商作为重要经济增长点的发展。在“一带一路”的倡导下,俄罗斯网购商品中90%来自中国,其多家大型品牌公司也通过跨境电商打开中国市场,中俄跨境电商贸易在初见繁荣趋势的同时也面临着一些监管困境。中国海关与俄罗斯联邦海关表示,交易、支付及物流信息是两国所共同面对的监管难题。2019年6月14日,以“贸易安全与通关便利”为主题的“中国—欧亚经济联盟国家海关合作对话会”上双方达成合作倡议,研究开展海关数据交换、AEO互认、风险管理、国际邮件监管等领域的务实合作,促进双方跨境电商贸易以及两国的共同发展。……

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