赵子義 高颖 马晨 刘画 宋华英 何小庆






摘 要:针对我国西南主要产煤地区煤矿灾害多发区域的土体性质,设计不同配比下的透明土力学测试方案。以贵州工程地质特点为研究背景,以煤炭开采相似模拟为导向,得到试验配比目标,并严格把控透明砂土的制备过程,确保配制出的透明土样本与试验配比目标性质相近。此外,调整熔融石英与溴化钙溶液的比例,通过正交试验观察透明土体的渗流情况,分析颗粒特性并测试不同配比下透明土的抗剪强度和应力等力学参数。
关键词:透明土;颗粒分析特性;抗剪强度;渗透性
中图分类号:TD824.8 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5168(2021)22-0074-04
Abstract: According to the soil properties of coal mine disaster prone areas in the main coal producing areas of Southwest China, the mechanical test schemes of transparent soil under different ratios are designed. According to the engineering geological characteristics of Guizhou as the research background and guided by the similarity simulation of coal mining, the experimental ratio target is obtained. The preparation process of transparent sand is strictly controlled to ensure that the properties of the configured transparent soil samples are similar to the experimental ratio target. The proportion of fused quartz and calcium bromide solution was adjusted, the orthogonal experiment was carried out, the seepage of transparent soil was observed, the particle characteristics were analyzed, and the mechanical parameters such as shear strength and stress were tested.
Keywords: transparent soil;particle analysis characteristics;shear strength;permeability
目前,煤炭資源仍然是我国的首要能源。经济发展的需要使得我国对煤炭资源有着巨大的需求量。然而,在煤矿开发过程中存在开采地质条件复杂,容易发生煤矿事故等问题。利用透明土材料做物理相似模拟试验,研究工程问题,能够直观了解土体内部结构的变形和破坏过程,解决工程中遇到的各种问题。
1 透明土的配置
1.1 透明土种类
透明土的颗粒材料通常可分无定型硅粉、水凝胶颗粒和熔融石英3大类[1]。其中:利用无定型硅粉配制的透明土各项物理性质都与天然黏土较为相似,常用其来模拟天然黏土,研究天然黏土体内部变形过程;水凝胶颗粒是一种吸水性很强的聚合物,用水凝胶颗粒配制的透明土能更好地模拟天然土体内的液体黏滞行为,有利于研究天然土体的水力学特性;熔融石英颗粒相对硬度较大,同无定型硅粉相比,能配制硬度更大的透明砂土。……