乳及乳制品中β-内酰胺酶常用检测方法

2021-01-04 16:21:01陈少华肖幸宇刘凤银
食品安全导刊 2021年12期

陈少华 肖幸宇 刘凤银

摘 要:β-内酰胺酶是一类可以催化水解β-内酰胺类抗生素的水解酶,基于该原理,不法商贩为了躲避β-内酰胺类抗生素的检查,人为向乳及乳制品中加入β-内酰胺酶,营造“无抗奶”的假象,增加了乳品行业的安全风险。本文从乳及乳制品中β-内酰胺酶的稳定性、残留危害、残留现状和检测方法进行阐述,通过分析当前常用的检测方法的优劣势,包括微生物分析法、仪器检测方法、快速检测方法,旨在为乳及乳制品中β-内酰胺酶的检测方法提供参考。

关键词:乳及乳制品;β-内酰胺酶;检测方法;残留

Common Detection Methods of β-Lactamase in Milk and Dairy Products

CHEN Shaohua, XIAO Xingyu, LIU Fengyin*

(College of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510303, China)

Abstract: β-Lactamases are hydrolytic enzymes that can catalytically hydrolyze β-lactam antibiotics. Based on the principle, illegal providers add β-lactamases to milk and dairy products, hide from β-lactam antibiotics antibiotic inspections and create the illusion of “no anti milk”, increasing the safety risks to the dairy industry. In this paper, the stability, residual hazards, current status and detection methods of β-lactamases in dairy and dairy products are described. The advantages and disadvantages of current common detection methods, including microbiological analysis methods, instrumental detection methods,  and rapid detection methods are analyzed to provide a reference for the detection of β-lactamases in milk and dairy products.

Keywords: milk and dairy products; β-lactamase; detection methods; residues

β-內酰胺酶是一类水解酶,可以催化水解β-内酰胺类抗生素,导致抗生素失去抑菌活性。鉴于此,一些不法商贩为了追求经济利益,没有严格遵守休药期的规定进行采奶,导致牛奶中抗生素的残留,为了躲避检查,人为添加β-内酰胺酶,营造“无抗奶”的假象。β-内酰胺酶缺少安全性评价,其加入增加了乳品行业安全风险,因此针对乳及乳制品中β-内酰胺酶的检测非常重要。目前尚未制定国家检测标准,仅在《生乳中β-内酰胺酶的测定》

(NY/T 3313—2018)中规定了生乳中β-内酰胺酶的测定方法——杯碟法[1]。本文主要从乳及乳制品中

β-内酰胺酶的稳定性、残留危害、残留现状和检测方法进行阐述,分析常用检测方法的优势与劣势,旨在为选择乳及乳制品中β-内酰胺酶的检测方法提供参考依据。

1 乳及乳制品中β-内酰胺酶的稳定性、残留危害和残留现状

1.1 乳及乳制品中β-内酰……

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