石墨烯基聚苯胺水凝胶的电化学性能研究

郭坤琨 王彬 丁剑男

摘   要：通过两步溶液自组装方法，制备了具有三维多孔网络结构的石墨烯基聚苯胺复合水凝胶（PR-x），并通过SEM、XRD、FT-IR、Raman、XPS等表征手段对样品的微观形貌和结构组成进行了表征分析. 结果表明，聚苯胺均匀地负载于三维多孔石墨烯网络骨架，且能够显著抑制石墨烯的团聚现象. 研究了石墨烯基聚苯胺复合水凝胶电极的电化学性能. 当聚苯胺质量分数为75%，电流密度为1 A·g-1时，比电容为762.8 F·g-1;当扫描速率从5 mV·s-1增加到50 mV·s-1时，倍率保留率高达77%，经过3 000次恒电流充放电后比电容保留率仍高达89.27%. 该石墨烯基聚苯胺复合水凝胶电极作为超级电容器表现出优异的放电容量、倍率性能和循环稳定性，具有一定的潜在应用价值.

关键词：聚苯胺;超级电容器;导电高分子;循环伏安法

中图分类号：O631                               文献标志码：A

Study on Electrochemical Performance of

Graphene Based Polyaniline Hydrogel

GUO Kunkun†，WANG Bin，DING Jiannan

（College of Materials Science and Engineering，Hunan University，Changsha 410082，China）

Abstract：In this study， a simple two-step strategy of self-assembly method is used to fabricate the graphene-based polyaniline composite hydrogel （PR-x） which attains a three-dimensional porous network structure. The microscopic morphology and structure composition are characterized and analyzed by SEM， XRD， FT-IR， Raman， XPS and other characterization methods. The results show that polyaniline （PANI） is uniformly distributed on the framework of three-dimensional porous graphene network， which can significantly inhibit the agglomeration of graphene. In addition， the electrochemical performance of graphene-based polyaniline composite hydrogel electrodes as supercapacitor is systematically studied. When the PANI content is high up to 75%， the specific capacitance is found to be as high as 762.8 F·g-1 at the current density of 1 A·g-1. Likewise， the specific capacitance retention rate is still as high as 77% when the scan rate increases from 5 mV·s-1 to 50 mV·s-1， meanwhile， the cycling stability is high up to 89.27% even after 3 000 cycles. The graphene-based polyaniline composite hydrogel electrode as a supercapacitor exhibits high specific capacity， excellent rate and cycling stability， providing the potential supercapacitor application.

Key words：polyaniline;supercapacitor;conductive polymer;cyclic voltammetry

超级电容器具有功率密度高、充放电时间短、循环寿命长、环境友好等优点，正逐步成为学术界和工业界的新宠，被广泛应用于电动汽车、可便携电子设备、智能服饰、健康医疗、移动通信等领域[1-3]. 其中，电极材料作为超级电容器最重要的组成部分，对超级电容器的性能有着决定性影响.

石墨烯水凝胶具有三维孔隙网络结构，呈现出优异的力学性能和高导电性. 由于石墨烯纳米片堆积形成的壁面较薄，石墨烯水凝胶具有良好的可折叠和弯曲性能，在柔性器件中具有潜在的应用价值. 导电聚合物兼顾高分子力学性能的同时，还具有高理论比电容、低成……