刘娟
七选五的段中题通常有3~4道,为帮助考生突破七选五的段中题,我们总结了以下三步,供参考。
第一步,联系上下文,明确设空作用
段中句一般有承上、启下、承上启下和体现文段结构四种作用。考生可快速浏览设空位置上下1~2句,理清上下文关系,明确此空在段中的作用。如:
1.(2019年全国Ⅱ卷)Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I jump?”This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin. ________ Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
2.(2019年全国Ⅰ卷)Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). ________In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery.
3.(2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷)My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. ________ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.
4.(2013年全国Ⅰ卷)One is the establishment(制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production, sales, the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies, and accounting. ________ The third relates to the establishment of standards of word in all departments.
分析
第1题,上句提到“动机和目标设定是同一硬币的不同面”,这句话仅是二者关系分析的开始,并未说完,而下句转而呼应前文提到的事,故设空句与上句关系更紧密,起的是“承上”作用。
第2题,上句是本段的总述,开启一个新话题:自然世界和治愈的关系。下句指出具体地方的治愈作用,故设空起的是引出下文的“啟下”作用。
第3题,上句“作者与丈夫在巴黎度过了一周”,营造在巴黎生活的大背景,下句列举到巴黎后做的第一件事,故设空用以将大背景与小事件联系起来,起“承上启下”的作用。
第4题,上下两句分别以One和The third开头,故设空位置一定包含“二”“第二”或“其次”这样的字眼。此空体现“文段结构”的作用。
从近五年真题来看,段中句承上启下作用的考查最为突出,考生不仅需要联系上文,还要参看下文。而文段结构的作用或因难度较低而未考查,但并不意味着未来不会出现。
第二步,圈出关键词,锁定相关选项
明确设空作用后,圈出关联句和选项中的关键词,以此锁定选项。选项确定一般参考代词指代、词语复现、语义场三种方法。……