HPLC法测定银杏叶提取物中9种小分子有机酸类含量研究

陈艳杰

摘 要：通过多元统计分析测定银杏叶提取物中部分有机酸成分含量。方法 采用色谱柱法等对9种小分子有机酸进行分离，保持柱温40℃对有机酸含量进行线性关系考察，得到银杏叶中几种不同小分子有机酸含量;利用多元统计分析对试验结果进行验证，得到各待测成分之间的标准曲线、相关系数等;利用方法学进行精密度、稳定性、重复性、准确度试验，明确试验所得结论的科学性。结果 相同银杏叶产区不同厂家所生产的银杏叶提取物主成分含量存在差异;利用多元统计分析可以对成分差异以及内在相关性进行解读，认为儿茶素、没食子酸、原儿茶酸等是体现不同厂家银杏叶提取物小分子有机酸含量差异的主要特征成分。

关键词：多元统计分析;银杏叶提取物;小分子有机酸;色谱柱法

中图分类号：TU528.59 文献标识码：A     文章编号：1001-5922（2021）12-0039-05

Determination of 9 Kinds of Small Molecular Organic Acids in Ginkgo Biloba Extracts by HPLC

Chen Yanjie

（Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology， Zhengzhou 451150， China）

Abstract：Multivariate statistical analysis is adopted to determine the content of some organic acids in the Ginkgo biloba extracts. Chromatographic column is used to separate nine kinds of small molecular organic acids， and the column temperature is controlled at 40℃ to investigate the linear relationship of organic acid content. Thus the contents of several different small molecular organic acids in ginkgo biloba are obtained. Multivariate statistical analysis is utilized to verify the test results， and the standard curves and correlation coefficients of each component to be measured are obtained. The methodology is carried out to test the precision， stability， repeatability and accuracy， which clarifies the scientificity of the conclusions obtained from the tests. The results show that the main component content of ginkgo biloba extracts from the same region produced by different manufacturers is different. Multivariate statistical analysis can be used to interpret the components differences and their internal correlation， and it is believed that catechin， gallic acid， protocatechin acid and others are the main characteristic components reflecting the differences of small molecular organic acid content in ginkgo biloba extracts from different manufacturers.

Key words：Multivariate statistical analysis; Ginkgo biloba extracts; Small organic acids; Chromatographic column

0 引言

銀杏叶提取物的主要成分包含了银杏黄酮醇苷和萜类内酯类成分等，其可以通过调节人体血脂等对人体血管进行软化、保护等。银杏叶提取物不仅对心、肾、脑，血管具有保护作用，同时对4肢的血管也具有保护作用，并且可以改善某些患者的临床症状。然而，银杏叶的有效成分较为复杂，除提到的两种有效成分外，据不同学者研究表明，其内部成分至少有160多种有机酸、酚类物质还可以发挥保健或药用效果。因此，针对银杏叶提取物进行成分分析，始终是银杏产业、医疗保健产业高度关注的研究方向。……