王静


摘 要:针对碘131治疗甲状腺功能亢时,人体不同组织器官吸收碘131剂量和时间的不同,研究利用nano-SPEC Pro多道分析谱仪对甲状腺、胃、肝脏、膀胱的剂量率进行了测量。结果显示,不同人体器官对碘131的吸收规律不同,胃部对碘131的吸收时间最早,基本在服药10 min内便达到了最大吸收量;甲状腺的相对剂量率最大,其最高相对剂量率出现在服药2~5 h,因此在使用碘131治疗甲亢病时应对这些器官进行相应的防护。此外,由实验测量得到的γ射线剂量率数据可知,甲状腺对碘131的吸收与患者甲状腺质量有关。
关键词:碘131剂量率;甲状腺功能亢进;摄碘率;nano-SPEC Pro多道分析谱仪
中图分类号:TQ124 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1001-5922(2021)12-0048-04
Study of Iodine 131 Absorbed Dose Measurement Based on Multichannel Spectrometer nano-SPEC Pro
Wang Jing
(Department of nuclear medicine, Taihe hospital, Shiyan 442000, China)
Abstract:When treating hyperthyroidism, the dose and time of iodine 131 absorbed by different tissues and organs of the human body are different, and the dose rates of the thyroid, stomach, liver and bladder are measured by using multichannel spectrometer nano-SPEC Pro. The results show that the absorption law of iodine-131 in different human organs is different. The absorption time of iodine-131 in stomach is the earliest, and the maximum absorbed dose is basically reached within 10 minutes after taking medicine. The relative dose rate of thyroid is the largest, and the highest relative dose rate appears in 2 hours to 5 hours after taking medicine. Therefore, when iodine 131 is used to treat hyperthyroidism, these organs should be protected. In addition, the γ-ray dose rate data obtained by experimental measurements show that the absorption of iodine 131 by the thyroid is related to the quality of the patient's thyroid.
Key words:iodine 131 dose rate; hyperthyroidism; iodine absorbed rate; nano-SPEC Pro multichannel spectrometer
0 引言
人工放射性核素碘131是医学上用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进的常用手段,主要原理是利用其释放出的β射线能破坏甲状腺的滤泡细胞,进而减少甲状腺激素[1]。虽然利用碘131可有效治療甲状腺功能亢进,但由于其所发射的射线对除甲状腺以外的其它组织器官具有一定的辐射损伤[2]。因此,合理控制碘131用于治疗甲亢的剂量率对人体健康十分重要。本研究利用nano-SPEC Pro多道分析谱仪测量甲状腺、胃、肝脏等组织器官体表的γ射线剂量率,研究了碘131治疗甲亢时人体重要组织器官的剂量率随时间的变化,为人体防护γ射线带来的损伤提供了有效的数据基础。
1 材料与方法
1.1 仪器与试剂
本研究选用在医学研究和工业辐射测量等领域已获得广泛应用的德国ICX公司生产nano-SPEC Pro多道分析谱仪作为实验仪器,谱仪有7.6 cm×7.6 cm的碘化钠(铊)晶体,可用于测量放射性计数和剂量率测量以及能谱测量等,剂量率范围在5~1.5 mSv/h。……